Water Balance and Nitrate Leaching under Corn in Kura Clover Living Mulch
Water Balance and Nitrate Leaching under Corn in Kura Clover Living Mulch
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库拉三叶草活性覆盖物玉米下的水平衡和硝酸盐淋溶
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Robert J. Berkevich
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文献类型：
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作者：
T. Ochsner;K. Albrecht;T. W. Schumacher;J. Baker;Robert J. Berkevich
库拉三叶草（Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.）活膜有可能改善玉米（Zea mays L.）生产对环境的影响，特别是在玉米青贮或秸秆收获的背景下。我们的目的是确定苜蓿活膜对阿灵顿附近玉米地下水分平衡和硝酸盐淋失的影响。2.5年试验期（2006年4月- 2008年11月），玉米免耕施氮肥，对照灭活苜蓿，玉米免耕，施氮肥0和90 kg N公顷，1年-1年。春季，土壤储水量比对照低37 ~ 50 mm，夏季土壤耗水量比对照高29 ~ 36 mm。各处理间蒸散量基本相同，但5月在活膜下蒸散量比覆盖前高11 ~ 41 mm。活地膜并没有明显减少排水。与对照相比，两种活膜处理土壤剖面中硝态氮储量和1 m深度土壤溶液中硝态氮浓度均显著降低（p = 0.10）。流动加权硝酸盐-N浓度为对照23 mg L -1，施氮90 kg /公顷-1年-1的活膜为17 mg L -1，施氮0 kg /公顷-1年-1的活膜为6 mg L -1。与对照相比，覆盖90和0 kg N /公顷-1年-1的硝态氮总浸出量分别减少了31%和74%。分别。
Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) living mulch has potential to improve the environmental impact of corn (Zea mays L.) production, especially in the context of corn silage or stover harvest. Our objective was to determine the effects ofkura clover living mulch on the water balance and nitrate leaching under corn near Arlington, WI. Treatments in the 2.5-yr experiment (April 2006-November 2008) were N-fertilized no-till corn following killed kura clover as the control and no-till corn in living mulch with fertilizer rates of 0 and 90 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . Soil water storage was 37 to 50 mm lower under the living mulch than the control in the spring, while the control experienced 29 to 36 mm greater soil water depletion than the living mulch in the summer. Evapotranspiration was similar across treatments, except in May when it was greater under the living mulch by 11 to 41 mm. The living mulch did not appreciably reduce drainage. Nitrate-N storage in the soil profile and nitrate-N concentrations in the soil solution at 1-m depth were significantly reduced (p = 0.10) under both living mulch treatments relative to the control. Flow-weighted nitrate-N concentrations were 23 mg L -1 for the control, 17 mg L -1 for the living mulch with 90 kg N ha -1 yr -1 , and 6 mg L -1 for the living mulch with 0 kg N ha - 1 yr -1 . Total nitrate-N leached was reduced 31 and 74% relative to the control under the living mulch with 90 and 0 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . respectively.