A Compact Low-Voltage True Random Number Generator Based on Inkjet Printing Technology
A Compact Low-Voltage True Random Number Generator Based on Inkjet Printing Technology
复制标题
基于喷墨打印技术的紧凑型低压真随机数发生器
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
M. Tahoori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ahmet Turan Erozan;Guan Ying Wang;R. Bishnoi;J. Aghassi‐Hagmann;M. Tahoori
印刷电子（PE）是一个快速发展的领域，在可穿戴设备、智能传感器和智能卡方面有着广阔的应用前景，因为它提供了机械灵活性、低成本、按需和可定制的制造。为了确保这些应用程序的操作安全，需要真正的随机数生成器（trng）为加密功能和填充生成不可预测的位。然而，由于PE电路的增材制造过程由于印刷油墨在衬底上的随机分散而导致高固有变化，因此构建印刷TRNG具有挑战性。在本文中，我们利用喷墨打印的增材可定制制造特性，设计了一种基于电解质门控场效应晶体管（egfet）的TRNG。我们还为TRNG电路提出了一个印刷电阻调谐流，以减轻TRNG的整体过程变化，使生成的位主要基于电路中的随机噪声，提供真正的随机行为。仿真结果表明，调优后的trng的总体过程变化减小了110倍，生成的比特流通过了美国国家标准与技术研究院统计测试套件。为了验证概念，我们制作并调整了所提出的TRNG电路。调谐后的trng的表征结果证明，在低至0.5 V的电源电压下，trng可以产生随机比特流。因此，所提出的TRNG设计适用于该领域的低功耗应用。
Printed electronics (PE) is a fast-growing field with promising applications in wearables, smart sensors, and smart cards, since it provides mechanical flexibility, and low-cost, on-demand, and customizable fabrication. To secure the operation of these applications, true random number generators (TRNGs) are required to generate unpredictable bits for cryptographic functions and padding. However, since the additive fabrication process of the PE circuits results in high intrinsic variations due to the random dispersion of the printed inks on the substrate, constructing a printed TRNG is challenging. In this article, we exploit the additive customizable fabrication feature of inkjet printing to design a TRNG based on electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors (EGFETs). We also propose a printed resistor tuning flow for the TRNG circuit to mitigate the overall process variation of the TRNG so that the generated bits are mostly based on the random noise in the circuit, providing a true random behavior. The simulation results show that the overall process variation of the TRNGs is mitigated by 110 times, and the generated bitstream of the tuned TRNGs passes the National Institute of Standards and Technology – Statistical Test Suite. For the proof of concept, the proposed TRNG circuit was fabricated and tuned. The characterization results of the tuned TRNGs prove that the TRNGs generate random bitstreams at the supply voltage of down to 0.5 V. Hence, the proposed TRNG design is suitable to secure low-power applications in this domain.