Legal Opportunity Structures and Social Movements
Legal Opportunity Structures and Social Movements
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法律机会结构和社会运动
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Juan Carlos Rodríguez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bruce M. Wilson;Juan Carlos Rodríguez
在已建立的民主国家中，制度变迁如何影响社会中政治权力的分配？哥斯达黎加的新宪法法院使提交人能够分析司法改革对政治边缘化群体维护其宪法权利的能力的影响。特别关注同性恋者、艾滋病患者和工会。提交人认为，并不是设立了这样的法院，而是规定了诉诸法院的机会和费用的具体规则，使边缘化群体能够争取自己的权利，有效地规避传统的决策程序。虽然这些团体没有赢得所有的案件，但他们在保护他们以前被剥夺的宪法权利方面取得了相当大的成功。法律的改革部分地将社会权力从决策者重新分配给社会团体和个人。
How does institutional change in established democracies affect the distribution of political power in society? The new constitutional court in Costa Rica allows the authors to analyze the effects of judicial reform on the capacity of politically marginalized groups to safeguard their constitutional rights. Particular attention is paid to homosexuals, AIDS patients, and labor unions. The authors argue that it was not the establishment of the court as such but rather the specific rules regulating access to and cost of approaching the court that enabled marginalized groups to push for their rights and effectively circumvent the traditional policy-making process. Although these groups did not win all their cases, they have nonetheless been able to achieve considerable success in the protection of their previously denied constitutional rights. The legal reform partially redistributed power in society from policy makers to social groups and individuals.