Variations in Nutritional Requirements Across Bee Species
Variations in Nutritional Requirements Across Bee Species
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fsufs.2022.824750
复制
发表时间：
2022-02-04
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Michez, Denis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barraud, Alexandre;Barascou, Lena;Michez, Denis
蜜蜂是一种高度多样化和高效的传粉昆虫，目前在欧洲有2000种蜜蜂。它们从花蜜和花粉中获取营养。然而，这些资源的化学成分，特别是花粉的化学成分（如蛋白质、脂质、氨基酸、脂肪酸或固醇含量）在植物物种之间是高度可变的。众所周知，蜜蜂在花的选择上表现出种间的差异，但关于不同蜜蜂种类的营养需求的信息却缺乏。因此，我们在实验室条件下进行了原始实验，以评估蜜蜂营养需求的种间变化。我们分析了8种花粉混合物的化学成分，它们在蛋白质、脂质、氨基酸和甾醇的总浓度和分布方面有所不同。每种花粉混合物提供给四种不同的蜜蜂模式物种：蜜蜂（Apis mellifera），大黄蜂（Bombus terrestris），泥石蜂（Osmia bicornis和Osmia cornuta）。对于每个物种，采用了特定的方案来监测它们的发育（例如，体重、时间、生存）和资源收集。总的来说，我们发现这些物种的营养需求是不同的，一个物种的低质量饮食并不一定对另一个物种的低质量饮食。虽然蜜蜂受到高蛋白含量饮食（约40%）的负面影响，但大黄蜂和石匠蜂在这些饮食中发育正常，但在总氨基酸和甾醇含量低的饮食中，特别是低浓度的24-亚甲基胆固醇和β -谷甾醇的饮食中，它们会受到影响。总的来说，我们的研究支持了在管理生态系统中保护和/或引入植物多样性的必要性，以满足蜜蜂在物种和群落水平上的自然营养偏好。
With 2,000 species currently recorded in Europe, bees are a highly diversified and efficient group of pollinating insects. They obtain their nutrients from nectar and pollen of flowers. However, the chemical composition of these resources, especially of pollen (e.g., protein, lipid, amino acids, fatty acids, or sterol content), is highly variable among plant species. While it is well-known that bees show interspecific variation in their floral choices, there is a lack of information on the nutritional requirements of different bee species. We therefore developed original experiments in laboratory conditions to evaluate the interspecific variations in bee nutritional requirements. We analyzed the chemical content of eight pollen blends, different in terms of protein, lipid, amino acids, and sterols total concentration and profiles. Each pollen blend was provided to four different bee model species: honey bees (Apis mellifera), bumblebees (Bombus terrestris), mason bees (Osmia bicornis and Osmia cornuta). For each species, specific protocols were used to monitor their development (e.g., weight, timing, survival) and resource collection. Overall, we found that the nutritional requirements across those species are different, and that a low-quality diet for one species is not necessarily low-quality for another one. While honey bees are negatively impacted by diets with a high protein content (~40%), bumblebees and mason bees develop normally on these diets but struggle on diets with a low total amino acid and sterol content, specifically with low concentrations of 24-methylenecholesterol and beta-sitosterol. Overall, our study supports the need of conserving and/or introducing plant diversity into managed ecosystems to meet the natural nutritional preferences of bees at species and community level.