A new pelobatoid frog from the lower Eocene of southern China

A new pelobatoid frog from the lower Eocene of southern China
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中国南方始新世晚期发现的一种新的远足蛙

DOI:
10.1007/s12549-017-0304-1
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发表时间:
2018-06
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
Liping Dong
Liping Dong
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yuan Wang;Zbynek Rocek;Liping Dong

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根据11只不同发育阶段的个体,描述了中国南部始新世下部的一种新的具有盾形类亲缘关系的蛙类。比较分析表明,该无尾两栖动物的骨学特征与大型无尾两栖动物科相当不同。特别是,椎间盘位于椎体前中央之间,鳞骨的翼板与缺乏颧颌突的上颌骨广泛分开。这种新的青蛙也有与Pelodytes属,特别是其最原始的现存物种P.caucasicus的共同特征。特别是考虑到Pelodytidae和Megphryidae都属于Pelobatoae,而新化石青蛙大约存在于50 Ma前,这些比较表明新的青蛙代表了Pelobatoidae的一个古近纪成员。系统发育分析支持这一结论,但在不同的分析中,角蛙总科内的关系仍然不稳定,蒙古(Prospeca)和美国(Aerugoamius)类似地质年龄的化石青蛙的位置也是如此。然而,这一新发现是中国发现的第一只古近纪青蛙,也是中国南部发现的第一只无尾两栖动物化石,填补了中国白垩纪和新近纪无尾两栖动物的巨大空白。这种新的青蛙还打开了一扇重要的窗口,可以了解角蛙总科的早期进化史,该总科可能起源于东亚。
A new frog with pelobatoid affinities is described from the lower Eocene of southern China based on 11 individuals at different developmental stages. Comparative analysis reveals that this anuran shares osteological characters with the rather diverse family Megophryidae. In particular, intervertebral discs are present between the anterior vertebral centra and the lamella alaris of the squamosal is widely separated from the maxilla, which lacks a zygomaticomaxillar process. The new frog also shares features with the genusPelodytesand especially with its most primitive extant species,P. caucasicus. Particularly given that Pelodytidae and Megophryidae are grouped in the Pelobatoidea, and that the new fossil frog existed almost 50 Ma ago, these comparisons suggest that the new frog represents a Paleogene member of the Pelobatoidea. Phylogenetic analysis supports this conclusion, but relationships within the superfamily Pelobatoidea remain unstable across different analyses, as do the positions of fossil frogs of similar geological age in Mongolia (Prospea) and USA (Aerugoamnis). Nevertheless, this new discovery represents the first record of a Paleogene frog from China as well as the first fossil anuran from South China, filling the large gap between Chinese Cretaceous and Neogene anurans. The new frog also opens an important window on the early evolutionary history of the Pelobatoidea, which presumably originated in East Asia.
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