Constructing, reproducing and challenging masculinities in a participatory intervention in urban informal settlements in South Africa
Constructing, reproducing and challenging masculinities in a participatory intervention in urban informal settlements in South Africa
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DOI：
10.1080/13691058.2019.1614671
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发表时间：
2019-06-17
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Jewkes, Rachel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibbs, Andrew;Myrttinen, Henri;Jewkes, Rachel
与男子和男孩进行参与性干预以改变男子气概的做法越来越普遍，以改善健康和减少亲密伴侣的暴力行为和艾滋病毒相关风险。然而，尽管如此，很少有人考虑促进者自身的男子气概如何影响干预。在对南非德班城市非正式住区的青年男子(18-30岁)实施的促进性别转变的方案--《踏石和创造未来》的分析中，我们探讨了如何利用主持人的男子气概来改变参与者的男子气概。我们认为，促进者必须就存在一些紧张局势的两项任务进行谈判，第一项是该计划的公开和主要目标：即挑战参与者生活中发挥作用的年轻男子气概元素，例如对女性施加暴力权力。第二项任务更为隐蔽：即建立主持人“作为男性”的信誉，以便与参与者一起开展这项工作。通过包括衣服、手机、笑话和讲故事在内的策略，主持人向参与者展示了他们“成功的”男子气概，然后可以与参与者围绕情绪、非暴力和持续使用避孕套展开互动。这使得促进者和参与者能够经历有限的变化过程，而不会损害他们的男子汉气概，也不会从根本上挑战男性的父权特权。
Participatory interventions with men and boys to transform masculinities are increasingly common to improve health and reduce intimate partner violence and HIV-related risk. Yet, despite this, there has been little consideration of how facilitators' own masculinities shape interventions. In this analysis of Stepping Stones and Creating Futures, a gender-transformative programme delivered to young men (aged 18-30 years) in urban informal settlements in Durban, South Africa we explore how facilitators' masculinities were employed to engender change in the masculinities of participants. We argue facilitators had to negotiate two tasks existing in some tension, the first, overt and the main aim of the programme: namely, challenging elements of the youthful masculinity at play in the lives of participants, such as exerting violent power over women. A second task was more covert: namely, establishing facilitators' credibility 'as men' in order to do this work with participants. Through strategies including clothes, mobile phones, jokes and storytelling, facilitators demonstrated to participants their 'successful' masculinity and could then engage with participants around emotions, non-violence and consistent condom use. This enabled facilitators and participants to undergo a limited processes of change, without 'compromising' their sense of masculinity, and without fundamentally challenging men's patriarchal privilege.