Rickettsia parkeri.
Rickettsia parkeri.
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帕克立克次体。
DOI：
10.1016/j.tim.2022.01.001
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Lamason,RebeccaL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott,AllisonT;Vondrak,CassandraJ;Sanderlin,AllenG;Lamason,RebeccaL
帕克氏立克次体是一种专性细胞内细菌病原体，主要靶向血管内皮细胞，但也感染巨噬细胞和上皮细胞。内皮感染导致血管液渗漏，引起特征性焦痂和皮疹，沿着发热、头痛和肌痛。蜱媒将这种细菌从受感染的哺乳动物（如啮齿动物）传播给人类。由R.帕克氏立克次体（帕克氏立克次体立克次体病）通常比由其它斑点热群（SFG）立克次体属引起的那些温和，如R.立克次体（Rocky Mountain spotted fever）和立克次体（R. Conorii（地中海斑点热）因此，R. parkeri在BL 2实验室环境中易于处理，使其成为致病性SFG立克次体的可获得模型。parkeri已经开发出操纵宿主细胞和逃避免疫应答的机制。在人类中，R. Parkeri劫持肌动蛋白以侵入宿主细胞并在感染细胞的胞质溶胶内机动。然后，细菌通过在细胞-细胞连接处形成被相邻细胞吞噬的膜突起，在宿主组织中复制和传播。这些分子间的相互作用使R. parkeri是理解真核生物和细菌细胞生物学的有用工具。
Rickettsia parkeri is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that primarily targets vascular endothelial cells, but also infects macrophages and epithelial cells. Infection of the endothelium leads to leakage of vascular fluid, causing a characteristic eschar and rash, along with fever, headache, and myalgia. Tick vectors transmit this bacterium from infected mammals (eg, rodents) to humans. The disease caused by R. parkeri (Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis) is generally milder than those caused by other spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia spp., such as R. rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) and R. conorii (Mediterranean spotted fever). Consequently, R. parkeri is tractable in a BL2 laboratory setting, making it an accessible model for pathogenic SFG Rickettsia.As an intracellular bacterium, R. parkeri has developed mechanisms to manipulate host cells and evade immune responses. In humans, R. parkeri hijacks actin to invade host cells and maneuver within the cytosol of infected cells. The bacterium then replicates and spreads through host tissues by forming membrane protrusions at cell-cell junctions that are engulfed by neighboring cells. These numerous molecular interactions make R. parkeri a useful tool for understanding both eukaryotic and bacterial cell biology.