Neuroanatomical and functional deficits subsequent to chronic ethanol administration in animals.
Neuroanatomical and functional deficits subsequent to chronic ethanol administration in animals.
复制标题
动物长期服用乙醇后的神经解剖学和功能缺陷。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1981.tb04901.x
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abraham,WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walker,DW;Hunter,BE;Abraham,WC
Don W. Walker 博士、Bruce E. Hunter 博士和 Wickliffe C. Abraham 博士普遍认为，长期过量饮酒会造成脑损伤和相关功能缺陷。支持这一结论的证据来自对慢性酒精患者脑损伤的认知、形态和电生理指标的研究。慢性酗酒者表现出一系列认知缺陷，包括运动表现、抽象能力、知觉能力、概念转变和记忆力的特定下降。’-‘酗酒者死后尸检材料中神经病理学的直接证明表明，慢性酒精暴露导致大脑中的非侵入性技术，如肺脑造影’-’~和计算机轴向断层扫描‘~-’~支持直接的神经病理学分析。最后，最近的几项研究表明中枢神经系统的存在戒酒患者的脑电图和诱发电位的残余异常证明了系统损伤。总的来说，现有的神经心理学、形态学和电生理学数据提供了与慢性酒精中毒相关的脑损伤的明确证据。此外，最近的证据表明，非酒精性社交饮酒者的认知能力可能会受到影响，具体取决于饮酒量和饮酒时间2。传统上，这种脑损伤和相关功能障碍被归因于营养不良，尤其是硫胺素缺乏。
Don W. Walker, PhD, Bruce E. Hunter, PhD, and Wickliffe C. Abraham, BA hronic and excessive use of alcohol is widely acknowledged to produce brain damage and associated functional deficits. The evidence supporting this conclusion has emerged from research investigating cognitive, morphological, and electrophysiological indices of brain damage in chronic alcoholic patients. Chronic alcoholics exhibit a spectrum of cognitive deficits including specific decrements in motor performance, abstracting abilities, perceptual capabilities, conceptual shifting, and memory.’-‘Direct demonstration of neuropathology in postmortem autopsy material from alcoholic patients indicates that chronic alcohol exposure results in brain Noninvasive techniques such as pneum~ encephalography”-’~ and computerized axial t~ mography’~-’~ support the direct neuropathological analyses. Finally, several recent studies indicate the presence of central nervous system damage as evidenced by residual abnormalities in EEG and evoked potentials in abstinent alcoholic patients. I7-” Collectively, the available neuropsychological, morphological, and electrophysiological data provide definitive evidence of brain damage associated with chronic alcoholism. Recent evidence, moreover, suggests that the cognitive abilities of nonalcoholic social drinkers may be affected depending upon the amount and duration of drinkingz2 This brain damage and associated functional impairments have traditionally been attributed to malnutrition, especially thiamine defi~ iency,~