Adaptation reveals frequency band based inferences of material properties
Adaptation reveals frequency band based inferences of material properties
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适应揭示了基于频带的材料特性推断
DOI：
10.1167/12.9.950
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Giesel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giesel
快速可靠地识别材料特性对于与环境的成功交互至关重要。真实的材料表现出低水平特征的特征配置，并且对应于特定属性的特征可能一般地存在并且被人类观察者存储为知识。我们在VSS 2011上证明，通过增加或减少振幅谱的特定空间频带中的相对能量，可以改变织物图像中可感知的一些常见属性。这一结果表明，简单的神经”探测器”材料属性可以只是联合收割机的V1频率选择神经元的输出。这种探测器是否可以通过选择性适应来揭示？如果观察者适应了一个特定的频段，从而将灵敏度的平衡转移到频谱的其他部分，这是否会改变他们对相关材料属性的判断？使用我们的图像分析确定的频带，我们回答这些问题的体积，粗糙度和厚度的织物属性。对于测试刺激，我们使用织物的图像，沿着，每个图像的两个版本在特定频带中具有增加的相对能量（恒定总能量），以及两个具有减少的相对能量。通过将原始图像与其操纵或未改变的版本并排比较，测量每个属性的基线心理测量功能。在自适应期间，在原始图像的位置上呈现带通滤波的动态白色噪声补丁，并且在比较图像的位置上呈现互补陷波滤波的动态噪声补丁。适应后的心理测量曲线测量交错适应和测试演示。正如对每个适应频带所预测的那样，观察者判断织物具有比原始织物系统更小的表面体积、更柔软的质地或更薄的编织/针织。结果表明，观察者直接使用宽带空间频率信息感知材料的属性，并建议V1神经元传输的空间频率信号并行的材料知觉。
Rapid and reliable identification of material properties is important for successful interactions with the environment. Real materials exhibit characteristic configurations of low-level features and it is possible that features corresponding to particular properties are present generically and are stored as knowledge by human observers. We demonstrated at VSS2011, that some common properties perceivable from images of fabrics can be altered by increasing or decreasing the relative energy in specific spatial-frequency bands of the amplitude spectra. This result suggests that simple neural" detectors" for material properties could just combine the outputs of sets of V1 frequency-selective neurons. Can such detectors be revealed through selective adaptation? If observers adapt to a specific frequency-band, thus shifting the balance of sensitivities to other parts of the spectrum, does that shift their judgment of the associated material property? Using frequency-bands identified by our image analyses, we answer these questions for the fabric properties of volume, roughness, and thickness. For test stimuli, we used images of fabrics, along with two versions of each image with increased relative energy in the specific frequency band (constant total energy), and two with decreased relative energy. Baseline psychometric functions for each property were measured by comparing the original image side-by-side with its manipulated or unaltered version. During adaptation, bandpass-filtered dynamic white noise patches were presented on the location of the original image, and complementary notch-filtered dynamic noise patches on the location of the comparison images. The post-adaptation psychometric curve was measured by interleaving adaptation and test presentations. As predicted for each adaptation frequency-band, observers judged fabrics as having systematically less surface volume, softer texture, or thinner weave/knit than the original percept. The results demonstrate that observers directly use broad-band spatial frequency information in perceiving material properties, and suggest that V1 neurons transmit spatial-frequency signals in parallel for material perception.