On differences and deficits: A critique of the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of the word gap

On differences and deficits: A critique of the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of the word gap
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关于差异和缺陷:对词语差距的理论和方法论基础的批判

DOI:
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Yana Kuchirko
Yana Kuchirko
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Yana Kuchirko

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“语言差距”这个词可以追溯到哈特和里斯利1995年关于高收入和低收入家庭语言实践的开创性工作,它是解释为什么低收入、少数民族背景下的孩子在学业上不如白色、中等收入家庭的孩子的最广泛引用的解释之一。尽管它对研究、教育和政策有着广泛的影响,但单词差距一直是学术界激烈争论的焦点,争论的焦点是单词差距是应该关注的婴儿语言输入的缺陷,还是应该接受的语言实践的差异。在这篇文章中,我借鉴了多个学科来强调单词差距研究结果的优点和缺点,并为教育工作者,政策制定者和研究人员提供了未来的方向,以便从文化和语境的角度更好地了解在低收入环境中成长的儿童的语言体验。
The word gap, or the language gap, can be traced back to Hart and Risley’s 1995 seminal work on language practices in high- and low-income families, and it is one of the most widely cited explanations for why children from low-income, minority contexts underperform academically in contrast to their white, middle-income counterparts. Despite its widespread influence on research, education and policy, the word gap has been at the centre of vociferous debates in academic circles over whether the word gap is a deficit in language input for infants that should be attended to or a difference in language practices that should be embraced. In this article, I draw on multiple disciplines to highlight the strengths and shortcomings of word gap findings, and I provide future directions for educators, policymakers and researchers seeking to better understand the language experiences of children growing up in low-income contexts from a cultural and contextual perspective.
DOI: 10.1044/jslhr.4206.1432
发表时间: 1999-12-01
影响因子: 2.6
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