The hemosteoblast: friend or foe?
The hemosteoblast: friend or foe?
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造血成骨细胞：朋友还是敌人？
DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.111.244665
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Demer,Linda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tintut,Yin;Demer,Linda
异位钙化出现在多种疾病的软组织中。当它发生在心血管组织中时，如主动脉、心脏瓣膜小叶、冠状动脉和肾动脉，会产生使人衰弱、有时甚至致命的病症，包括冠状动脉功能不全、心力衰竭、钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄、收缩期高血压和左心室肥大。尽管钙化性血管病长期以来被认为是衰老的被动过程，但过去 20 年的研究揭示了转录因子驱动血管细胞骨软骨分化的主动机制。在正确的背景下，许多骨骼外细胞显示出骨软骨形成潜力，包括 (1) 微血管周细胞、1 (2) 外膜肌成纤维细胞、2 (3) 钙化血管细胞、4 个现在已知为多能血管干细胞、 5(4)内侧平滑肌细胞、3(5)瓣膜间质细胞、5b和(6)中成血管细胞。 6 由于这些细胞都是纯间充质来源的，因此矿化直到最近才被认为仅仅是间充质属性。现在，在本期《循环研究》中，Fadini 及其同事7 报告了造血来源细胞的矿化潜力：循环骨髓细胞在基质胶（一种源自小鼠肉瘤细胞的溶解的基底膜基质）中培养时产生钙矿物质。这些循环细胞还表达单核细胞/巨噬细胞谱系标记物（CD45、CD14 和 CD68），以及成骨细胞标记物碱性磷酸酶（BAP，也称为组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶）、骨钙素以及骨软骨形成转录因子 Runx2 和 osterix。这些发现表明，一些造血来源的成体细胞，也许是“造血成骨细胞”，有能力接管细胞外矿化的明显间充质功能。
Ectopic calcification arises in soft tissues in a variety of diseases. When it occurs in cardiovascular tissues, such as the aorta, cardiac valve leaflets, and coronary and renal arteries, it produces debilitating and sometimes fatal conditions, including coronary insufficiency, heart failure, calcific aortic stenosis, systolic hypertension, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Although calcific vasculopathy was long considered a passive process of aging, studies from the last 2 decades have revealed an active mechanism in which transcription factors drive osteochondrogenic differentiation of vascular cells.In the right context, a number of extraskeletal cells display osteochondrogenic potential, including (1) microvascular pericytes, 1 (2) adventitial myofibroblasts, 2 (3) calcifying vascular cells, 4 now known to be multipotent vascular stem cells, 5 (4) medial smooth muscle cells, 3 (5) valvular interstitial cells, 5b and (6) mesoangioblasts. 6 Because these cells are all of purely mesenchymal origin, mineralization has been considered, until recently, solely a mesenchymal attribute. Now, in this issue of Circulation Research, Fadini and colleagues7 report mineralization potential in cells of hematopoietic origin: circulating myeloid cells that produce calcium mineral when cultured in Matrigel, a solubilized basement membrane matrix derived from mouse sarcoma cells. These circulating cells also express monocyte/macrophage lineage markers (CD45, CD14, and CD68), as well as the osteoblastic markers alkaline phosphatase (BAP, also known as tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase), osteocalcin and the osteochondrogenic transcription factors Runx2 and osterix. These findings indicate that some adult cells of hematopoietic origin, perhaps “hemosteoblasts” have the capacity to take over the distinctly mesenchymal function of extracellular mineralization.
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
WATSON, KE;BOSTROM, K;DEMER, LL
通讯作者：
DEMER, LL