Entrenching the Yoshida Defense Doctrine: Three Techniques for Institutionalization
Entrenching the Yoshida Defense Doctrine: Three Techniques for Institutionalization
复制标题
巩固吉田防卫主义：制度化的三种技巧
DOI：
10.1162/002081897550401
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun
长期以来，日本的防卫费相对于经济规模的比例在主要工业化国家中一直是非常低的。截至1995年，日本的支出占国内生产总值的0.96%。即使加上退休人员的养老金约占GDP的0.3%，其支出水平也远低于美国、英国、法国、德国等西方主要国家，以及韩国、台湾、马来西亚、新加坡等亚洲工业化国家。此外，这些相对幅度在过去几十年中保持相当稳定。
Japan's level of defense expenditure relative to the size of its economy has long been uniquely low among the major industrialized countries. As of 1995, Japan's expenditures stood at 0.96 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). Even adding to this the approximately 0.3 percent of GDP devoted to pensions for retired personnel, the level of spending is considerably less than that of major Western states such as the United States, United Kingdom, France, and Germany, as well as industrialized Asian states such as South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, and Singapore. Furthermore, these relative magnitudes have remained reasonably stable over the past few decades.