Metabolites: messengers between the microbiota and the immune system.
Metabolites: messengers between the microbiota and the immune system.
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DOI：
10.1101/gad.284091.116
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发表时间：
2016-07-15
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
Elinav E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levy M;Thaiss CA;Elinav E
在这篇评论中，Levy 等人。重点介绍微生物群调节代谢物如何控制免疫系统的发育、分化和活性的示例，并将其分类为功能类别，以说明微生物代谢物影响宿主生理学的方式范围。哺乳动物肠道是地球上微生物密度最大的地方之一，因此需要实施控制机制，宿主可以通过该机制评估微生物定植状态并对体内平衡的偏差做出反应。虽然先天免疫系统的微生物识别已被牢固地确立为宿主评估微生物存在的有效手段，但最近的研究揭示了细菌代谢物在宿主免疫反应的协调中的核心作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了微生物调节代谢物如何控制免疫系统的发育、分化和活性的例子，并将它们分类为功能类别，以说明微生物代谢物影响宿主生理学的方式范围。全面了解微生物群衍生的代谢物如何塑造人类免疫系统对于合理设计微生物群驱动疾病的疗法至关重要。
In this review, Levy et al. highlight examples of how microbiota-modulated metabolites control the development, differentiation, and activity of the immune system and classify them into functional categories that illustrate the spectrum of ways by which microbial metabolites influence host physiology. The mammalian intestine harbors one of the largest microbial densities on Earth, necessitating the implementation of control mechanisms by which the host evaluates the state of microbial colonization and reacts to deviations from homeostasis. While microbial recognition by the innate immune system has been firmly established as an efficient means by which the host evaluates microbial presence, recent work has uncovered a central role for bacterial metabolites in the orchestration of the host immune response. In this review, we highlight examples of how microbiota-modulated metabolites control the development, differentiation, and activity of the immune system and classify them into functional categories that illustrate the spectrum of ways by which microbial metabolites influence host physiology. A comprehensive understanding of how microbiota-derived metabolites shape the human immune system is critical for the rational design of therapies for microbiota-driven diseases.