Forensic deliberations on 'purposeful metaphor'
Forensic deliberations on 'purposeful metaphor'
复制标题
DOI：
10.1075/msw.2.1.01cha
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Charteris-Black, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charteris-Black, Jonathan
“有目的隐喻”的概念被提出作为“故意隐喻”的替代方案（Steen, 2008），以提供话语和交际中的隐喻理论。“有目的的隐喻”的案例是在一起谋杀审判中对意向性的讨论中提出的。有人认为，“刻意”起源于基于语言使用的认识论，但对于区分有意识和无意识思维过程的认识论无效；在文学研究中，它被称为“故意谬误”。然而，在寻求隐喻的社会和政治动机的批判性隐喻分析中，意图的考虑是相关的。言语行为理论和修辞理论的见解表明，“刻意隐喻”可以被修改为“有目的的隐喻”，因为我们将“目的”概念化为实现目标（或修辞结果）的来源（或想法）、路径（或修辞计划）。因此，“有目的的隐喻”整合了隐喻的来源（或背后的想法）、路径（或修辞计划）和目标（或修辞结果），而“故意的隐喻”只描述了它的开始。举例说明了“有目的的隐喻”如何有助于解释隐喻在政治和法律话语中的使用，以及其他有说服力的类型。目的性的语言学证据是隐喻的复杂语篇使用和语境特征（如政治目的或描述医疗条件）之间的相互作用。
The concept of 'purposeful metaphor' is proposed as an alternative to 'deliberate metaphor' (Steen, 2008) in providing a theory of metaphor in discourse and communication. The case for 'purposeful metaphor' is framed within a discussion of intentionality in a murder trial. It is argued that 'deliberateness' originates in epistemologies based in language use, but is not valid for epistemologies that distinguish between conscious and unconscious thought processes; in literary studies it is known as the 'intentional fallacy'. However, considerations of intention are relevant in critical metaphor analysis that seeks insight into the social and political motivation of metaphor. Insights from Speech Act Theory and rhetorical theory suggest that 'deliberate metaphor' could be modified to 'purposeful metaphor' because we conceptualise 'purpose' in terms of a SOURCE (or idea), a PATH (or rhetorical plan) to realise a GOAL (or rhetorical outcome). 'Purposeful metaphor' therefore integrates the source (or idea behind) path, (or rhetorical plan), and goal, (or rhetorical outcome) of metaphor, while 'deliberate metaphor' only profiles its inception. Illustrations are given of how 'purposeful metaphor' contributes to an explanation of metaphor use in political and legal discourse, and other persuasive genres. Linguistic evidence for purposefulness is in the interaction between textually complex use of metaphor and contextual features such as political purpose or describing medical conditions.