Geographic Distribution and Resource Status of Three Important Akebia Species
Geographic Distribution and Resource Status of Three Important Akebia Species
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DOI：
10.3724/sp.j.1142.2010.40497
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Huang Hong-Wen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li Li;Chen Xu-Zhong;Huang Hong-Wen
木通属植物是一种著名的药用植物，在中国草药学中的应用至少有2000年的历史。木通属植物具有较高的药用价值、观赏价值和营养价值，是我国的一种新型高价值作物。本文对木通属（Akebia）的地理分布、形态特征、果树学特征及资源现状进行了广泛的调查研究。e. a. quinata，A. trifoliatassp.三叶草A. trifoliatassp.澳大利亚）。结果表明：A.金鱼草主要分布于我国东南部长江沿岸。由于多年的过度采伐，该物种的野生资源已严重退化，迫切需要合理的保护策略。A. trifoliatassp.结果表明，该种主要分布于黄河流域，尤其是秦岭山脉一带。目前，我国已有几个黄芪药材生产基地。trifoliatassp.在中国的部分地区已经种植了三叶草，开发了其作为一种有益健康的水果作物的潜力。最后，对A. trifoliatassp.发现南方蝗主要分布于我国南方和长江以南地区。本物种的自然资源丰富，但很少被利用。因此，在合理开发利用木通的同时，应防止木通的过度采伐。trifoliatassp.应鼓励澳大利亚人可持续地利用野生资源。对木通属种质资源的调查、收集和评价还有待于进一步深入。此外，开发和推广高产优质作物和理想品种的栽培技术，对促进木通的商业发展至关重要。
Species of Akebia are well-known medicinal plants that have been used in Chinese herbalism for at least 2000 years. The high medicinal and ornamental values and nutritional properties of Akebia make it a new high-value crop in China. We conducted an extensive field survey of the current native geographical distribution, morphological and pomological characteristics, and resource status on the most economically important Akebia species (i. e. A. quinata, A. trifoliata ssp. trifoliata, and A. trifoliata ssp. australis). The results showed that A. quinata was distributed in southeast China around the Yangtze River. Wild resources of this species have been seriously deteriorated due to years of over-harvesting,indicating an urgent need for reasonable conservation strategies. Resources of A. trifoliata ssp. trifoliata were also scarce, with results showing that this species generally occurred in central China around the Yellow River valley,especially along the Qinling Mountain Range. At present,several medicinal production bases of A. trifoliata ssp. trifoliata has been established in parts of China,exploiting its potential as a health-giving fruit crop. Finally, A. trifoliata ssp. australis was found to be distributed in southern China and the region south of the Yangtze River. The natural resources of this species are abundant but rarely utilized. According to our results, over-harvesting of Akebia should be prevented, while reasonable exploitation of A. trifoliata ssp. australis should be encouraged to utilize wild resources sustainably. More detailed investigation, collection, and evaluation of Akebia germplasm resources is also required. In addition, developing and popularizing cultivation techniques that produce high yield good quality crops,as well as desirable varieties, is essential for the promotion of Akebia's commercial development.