VISCEROTOPIC REPRESENTATION OF THE UPPER ALIMENTARY-TRACT IN THE MEDULLA-OBLONGATA IN THE RAT - THE NUCLEUS AMBIGUUS
VISCEROTOPIC REPRESENTATION OF THE UPPER ALIMENTARY-TRACT IN THE MEDULLA-OBLONGATA IN THE RAT - THE NUCLEUS AMBIGUUS
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.902620408
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发表时间：
1987-08-22
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
HOPKINS, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BIEGER, D;HOPKINS, DA
疑核除了支配上消化道的肌肉组织外，还支配各种胸、腹脏器。然而，关于疑核的不同区域如何支配特定器官，文献是矛盾的。因此，对疑核的内脏定位结构进行了系统的研究。在102只大鼠中，将0.5-10.0 μ l HRP、WGA-HRP、霍乱毒素-HRP或荧光示踪剂注射到第IX、第Xth和第XI颅神经和第Xth的主要分支以及由它们供应的器官中。结果表明，大鼠疑核由两个主要的纵向分区组成：背侧分区由三个吻尾向排列的分区组成，代表特殊的内脏传出成分;腹侧分区由至少两个分区组成，代表一般的内脏传出成分。背侧部对应于狭义的疑核，包括吻侧食管致密结构、中间咽喉部半致密结构和尾侧喉松散结构。每一种构造都显示出特有的树状结构。茎突咽运动神经元和环甲肌运动神经元从咽运动神经元和喉运动神经元的主要池中移位。甲状咽（下缩肌）运动神经元占据半致密结构的吻侧一半，而舌咽（中缩肌）运动神经元占据整个长度。疑核的腹侧部对应于外部结构，沿着延髓的整个长度延伸，并且包含支配心脏的节前神经元和由舌咽神经和上级喉神经支配的膈上结构。
The nucleus ambiguus has been reported to innervate various thoracic and abdominal viscera in addition to the musculature of the upper alimentary tract. However, the literature is contradictory as to how different regions of the nucleus ambiguus innervate specific organs. Therefore, a systematic investigation of the viscerotopic organization of the nucleus ambiguus was undertakin. In 102 rats, 0.5-10.0 .mu.l of HRP, WGA-HRP, cholera toxin-HRP or fluorescent tracers were injected into the IXth, Xth, and XIth cranial nerves and the major branches of the Xth as well as organs supplied by them. The results demonstrate that the nucleus ambiguus in the rat is made up of two major longitudinal divisions: a dorsal division comprised of three rostrocaudally aligned subdivisions representing the special visceral efferent component and a ventral division comprised of at least two subdivisions representing the general visceral efferent component. The dorsal division corresponds to the nucleus ambiguus in the narrow sense and comprises a rostral esophagomotor compact formation, an intermediate pharyngolaryngomotor semicompact formation, and a caudal laryngomotor loose formation. Each of these formations displays a characteristic dendroarchitecture. The stylopharyngeal and cricothyroid motoneurons are displaced rostrad from the main pharyngeal and laryngeal motoneuronal pools. Thyropharyngeal (lower constrictor) motoneurons occupy the rostral half of the semicompact formation and hyopharyngeal (middle constrictor) motoneurons its entire length. The ventral division of the nucleus ambiguus corresponds to the external formation, extends along the entire length of the medulla oblongata, and contains preganglionic neurons innervating the heart and supradiaphragmatic structures innervated by the glossopharyngeal and the superior laryngeal nerves.