Different responses of taxonomic and functional bird diversity to forest fragmentation across an elevational gradient
Different responses of taxonomic and functional bird diversity to forest fragmentation across an elevational gradient
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-018-4309-x
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Vinicio Santillán;Marta Quitián;Boris A. Tinoco;E. Zárate;M. Schleuning;K. Böhning‐Gaese;E. Neuschulz
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文献类型：
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作者：
Vinicio Santillán;Marta Quitián;Boris A. Tinoco;E. Zárate;M. Schleuning;K. Böhning‐Gaese;E. Neuschulz
许多研究探讨了生境破碎化如何影响物种组合的分类和功能多样性。然而，生境破碎化和环境条件对分类和功能多样性的联合影响，例如跨越海拔梯度，迄今为止在很大程度上被忽视了。在这项研究中，我们比较是否分类和功能指标显示出类似或不同的响应森林片断化在海拔梯度。我们的分析基于一个全面的数据集的物种丰富的鸟类组合从热带山地森林在厄瓜多尔南部安第斯山脉。我们在三个海拔高度（即，1000，2000和3000米a.s.l），并测量了博物馆标本上每种鸟类的9个形态特征。鸟类物种丰富度和丰富度显着较高的破碎相比，连续的森林，并向高海拔地区下降。与此相反，功能多样性显着减少，在破碎相比，连续森林在低海拔地区，但破碎化的功能多样性的影响往往被逆转在高海拔地区。我们的研究结果表明，分类和功能指标可以显示解耦的森林破碎化的反应，这些影响是高度可变的海拔。我们的研究结果表明，功能同质化的鸟类群落在破碎化的反应可以掩盖明显增加分类多样性，特别是在不同的社区在低海拔地区。
Many studies have investigated how habitat fragmentation affects the taxonomic and functional diversity of species assemblages. However, the joint effects of habitat fragmentation and environmental conditions on taxonomic and functional diversity, for instance across elevational gradients, have largely been neglected so far. In this study, we compare whether taxonomic and functional indicators show similar or distinct responses to forest fragmentation across an elevational gradient. We based our analysis on a comprehensive data set of species-rich bird assemblages from tropical montane forest in the Southern Andes of Ecuador. We monitored birds over 2 years in two habitat types (continuous and fragmented forest) at three elevations (i.e., 1000, 2000, and 3000 m a.s.l) and measured nine morphological traits for each bird species on museum specimens. Bird species richness and abundance were significantly higher in fragmented compared to continuous forests and decreased towards high elevations. In contrast, functional diversity was significantly reduced in fragmented compared to continuous forests at low elevations, but fragmentation effects on functional diversity tended to be reversed at high elevations. Our results demonstrate that taxonomic and functional indicators can show decoupled responses to forest fragmentation and that these effects are highly variable across elevations. Our findings reveal that functional homogenization in bird communities in response to fragmentation can be masked by apparent increases in taxonomic diversity, particularly in diverse communities at low elevations.