Cosmic‐ray particles that changed from 1954 to 1958 to 1965
Cosmic‐ray particles that changed from 1954 to 1958 to 1965
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1954年、1958年、1965年变化的宇宙射线粒子
DOI：
10.1029/jz072i005p01527
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发表时间：
1967
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. V. Neher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. V. Neher
在国际地球物理年（IGY）和国际宁静太阳年（IQSY）这两个最近的国际科学协调特别时期，我们利用气球携带的电离室对宇宙射线进行了纬度测量。所有仪器都与同一套标准进行了仔细的比较。在每一个案例中，同时进行的气球飞行都是从一个高纬度的基站进行的。这种对初级辐射的监测可以对来自移动站的数据进行修正。其他观测者所发现的不同原子核的丰度与初级元素中质子的丰度之比，被用来分离出仅由质子引起的效应。用两种方法求出不同年份质子的微分光谱。在1倍以上，使用连续纬度差曲线下的面积。这种方法利用地球磁场作为分析仪。低于空气和区域中质子范围的约0.6。这两种方法给出的结果是一致的。在适用的情况下，这些结果也与其他观测者利用卫星和高空气球所发现的质子的微分光谱很一致。对不同年份的微分谱积分，发现在1958年至1965年间，主质子总数增加了3.1倍。从上一次太阳活动极小期的类似飞行来看，1954年至1958年的变化是4.2倍。这一点以及太阳活动数据都表明，在1965年的最小值期间，初级宇宙辐射的残余调制比1954年存在的要多。
During each of the two recent periods of special international coordination of scientific effort, the IGY (International Geophysical Year) and the IQSY (International Year of the Quiet Sun), we made a latitude survey of cosmic rays, using ionization chambers carried by balloons. All instruments were carefully compared with the same set of standards. In each case, simultaneous balloon flights were made from a high-latitude base station. Such monitoring of the primary radiation allowed corrections to be made to the data from the mobile station. Ratios of the abundances of the different nuclei to that of protons in the primaries as found by other observers have been used to separate out the effect due only to protons. Two methods are used to find the differential spectrum of the protons for the different years. Above 1 bev, the areas under successive latitude difference curves are used. This method takes advantage of the earth's magnetic field as an analyzer. Below about 0.6 bev the ranges of protons in air and areas are used. The two methods give results that are consistent with each other. Where applicable the results are also in good agreement with the differential spectra of protons found by other observers using satellites and high-altitude balloons. From the integral of the differential spectra so derived for the different years, it is found that the total number of primary protons increased by a factor of 3.1 between 1958 and 1965. From similar flights made during the previous solar minimum the change from 1954 to 1958 is found to be a factor of 4.2. This, as well as solar activity data, indicates that there was more residual modulation of the primary cosmic radiation during the 1965 minimum than was present in 1954.