Longitudinal changes in selected physical capabilities: muscle strength, flexibility and body size
Longitudinal changes in selected physical capabilities: muscle strength, flexibility and body size
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DOI：
10.1093/ageing/27.suppl_3.12
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Bassey, EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bassey, EJ
目标：首先，在老年男性和女性的代表性样本中记录（i）握把肌肉的最大自愿力量，（ii）肩关节的最大运动范围和（iii）体重和骨骼尺寸的纵向变化；其次，探索肌肉力量的变化与习惯性身体活动和健康结果之间的关联。设计：对基线测量的幸存者进行纵向分析，以及 4 年和 8 年的随访。参与者：随机样本中 350 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的幸存者。结果：8 年多的平均体重减轻轻微，但显着，约为 2 公斤（小于 5%）。肩部范围的损失可以忽略不计，而肌肉力量的损失在大约 40 N 时非常显着（每标准杆减少 2%）。 Demispan 在所有三个测量点上保持稳定。这些平均值掩盖了力量丧失速度的巨大差异，老年群体的力量丧失速度是老年群体的两倍，尤其是女性。尽管观察到了这种情况，但这些损失不能归因于健康状况恶化。所有受访者在 8 岁时都至少有过两次慢性健康问题。对于握力的变化，除了年龄和时间之外，报告的握力肌肉习惯性使用的减少以及焦虑和抑郁症状的增加是显着的独立协变量（所有P<0.0001）。结论：老年肌力的丧失与体力活动的下降和抑郁评分的增加之间存在显着的独立关联。这强烈暗示了因果限制，并证实了鼓励身体活动和控制抑郁以保持老年力量和功能的必要性。
Objectives: first, to record, in a representative sample of older men and women, longitudinal changes in (i) maximal voluntary strength of the handgrip muscles, (ii) maximal range of movement in the shoulder joint and (iii) body weight and skeletal size; second, to explore associations between the changes in muscle strength and both customary physical activity and health outcomes.Design: longitudinal analyses of survivors measured at baseline, and 4-year and 8-year follow-ups.Participants: 350 survivors of a random sample originally aged 65 and over.Results: over 8 years average loss of body weight was slight but significant at about 2 kg (less than 5%). Loss of shoulder range was negligible, while loss of muscle strength was significant at about 40 N (less than 2% per par). Demispan remained stable across all three points of measurement. These mean values concealed substantial variation in the rate of loss of strength, which was twice as fast in the older groups, especially in the women. These losses could not be attributed to worsening health, although this was observed. All the respondents had at least two chronic health problems at the 8-year stage. For the changes in handgrip strength, reduced reported habitual use of the handgrip muscles and increased symptoms of anxiety and depression were significant independent covariates in addition to age and time (all P< 0.0001).Conclusion: there are significant independent associations between the loss of muscle strength in old age and both decline in physical activity and increase in depression scores. This is strongly suggestive of causal limits and confirms the need to encourage physical activity and control depression in order to maintain strength and function in old age.