Population genetic analysis informs the invasion history of the emerging trematode &ITDicrocoelium dendriticum&IT into Canada
Population genetic analysis informs the invasion history of the emerging trematode &ITDicrocoelium dendriticum&IT into Canada
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpara.2017.04.006
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Gilleard, John S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van Paridon, Bradley J.;Colwell, Douglas D.;Gilleard, John S.
由于气候变化、动物和人类在当地和全球的迁移以及土地利用和栖息地的变化，寄生虫的分布不断变化。树枝吸虫是一种较新的入侵者，20世纪30年代在加拿大东部首次报道，70年代在加拿大西部首次报道。然而，历史记录很少，人们对它的出现也知之甚少。这种寄生虫在加拿大的建立提供了一个有趣的机会，可以探索使用种群遗传学方法来帮助阐明一种相对较新建立的蠕虫寄生虫的入侵历史。在这项研究中，我们比较了来自加拿大西部和东部的一些树舌种群的遗传多样性和种群结构，并将这些种群与历史更悠久的欧洲种群进行了比较。使用了两个独立的遗传标记系统：一个微卫星标记面板和一个细胞色素C氧化酶1(Cox1)线粒体(Mt)DNA序列标记。我们发现不同加拿大种群在遗传多样性和种群结构上都有明显的差异，这为我们提供了与欧洲种群相比的入侵历史的洞察。加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的两个种群--盐泉和温哥华群岛--多样性较低，显示出种群瓶颈的证据，并且彼此密切相关，这表明它们最近的建立历史是相同的。这些西海岸的种群在其他方面与来自加拿大东部和西欧的种群关系最密切，而且与加拿大艾伯塔省柏树山的种群在基因上存在差异。虽然艾伯塔省的寄生虫种群是加拿大最近报告的，最早在20世纪90年代初在那里被发现，但它是被检查的寄生虫中遗传多样性最大的，并显示出西欧和东欧存在的强烈的混合基因型模式。总体而言，我们的结果与西欧可能是加拿大东海岸吸虫的源头的模型是一致的，这些吸虫随后被转移到加拿大西海岸。加拿大最新报道的树突毛虫种群似乎有不同的历史，可能有多个来源。(C)2017年澳大利亚寄生虫学学会。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Parasite distributions are constantly changing due to climate change, local and global movement of animals and humans, as well as land use and habitat change. The trematode Dicrocoelium dendriticum is a relatively recent invader of Canada, being first reported in eastern Canada in the 1930s and western Canada in the 1970s. However, historical records are scarce and its emergence is poorly understood. The establishment of this parasite in Canada provides an interesting opportunity to explore the use of population genetic approaches to help elucidate the invasion history of a relatively recently established helminth parasite. In this study, we compare the genetic diversity and population structure of a number of D. dendriticum populations from western and eastern Canada, and compare these with much longer established European populations. Two independent genetic marker systems were used; a microsatellite marker panel and a cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) mitochondrial (mt)DNA sequence marker. We found distinct differences in both genetic diversity and population structure of the different Canadian populations that provide insights into their invasion histories compared with the European populations. Two populations from British Columbia, Canada - Salt Spring and Vancouver Islands - are of low diversity, show evidence of a population bottleneck and are closely related to each other, suggesting a shared recent history of establishment. These west coast populations are otherwise most closely related to those from eastern Canada and western Europe, and in contrast are genetically divergent from those in Cypress Hills, Alberta, Canada. Although the Alberta parasite population is the most recently reported in Canada, being first identified there in the early 1990s, it was the most genetically diverse of those examined and showed a strong pattern of admixture of genotypes present in western and eastern Europe. Overall, our results are consistent with a model in which western Europe is likely the source of flukes on the east coast of Canada, which were then subsequently translocated to the west coast of Canada. The most recently reported D. dendriticum population in Canada appears to have a different history and likely has multiple origins. (C) 2017 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.