Isopod holobionts as promising models for lignocellulose degradation
Isopod holobionts as promising models for lignocellulose degradation
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DOI：
10.1186/s13068-020-01683-2
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发表时间：
2020-03-13
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Bouchon, Didier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bredon, Marius;Herran, Benjamin;Bouchon, Didier
背景等足类已经在所有环境中定居，部分原因是它们能够分解有机物。它们的酶系，以及它们相关的微生物区系之一，对它们的殖民成功做出了贡献。总而言之，这些全息细菌进化出了几个有趣的生活史特征来降解植物细胞壁，主要由木质纤维素组成。已有研究表明，由于宿主及其微生物群提供了大量和多样化的CAZyme，陆地等足类动物实现了木质纤维素的降解。然而，在等足类动物中，木质纤维素的降解策略似乎更加多样化，特别是在研究最少的水生物种中。结果通过对4个水生和陆生等足目动物种群的36个消化和非消化组织元基因组进行鸟枪测序，获得了等足目全足类中木质纤维素降解的新特征。结合我们之前研究中另一个物种的15个元基因组以及宿主转录本，这个大型数据集使我们能够识别宿主和相关微生物群落中的CAZyme。分析表明，5种细菌中类杆菌和变形杆菌占优势，分别占细菌群落总数的36%和56%。CAZymes和新的木质纤维素降解酶系统，如PULS、纤维素体和LPMOS的发现，突显了等足类及其相关微生物所使用的丰富的策略。结论综上所述，等足类全菌是研究木质纤维素降解的有前景的模型。这些模型可以为生物质转化的生物技术产业提供新的酶和相关的木质纤维素降解菌菌株。
BackgroundIsopods have colonized all environments, partly thanks to their ability to decompose the organic matter. Their enzymatic repertoire, as well as the one of their associated microbiota, has contributed to their colonization success. Together, these holobionts have evolved several interesting life history traits to degrade the plant cell walls, mainly composed of lignocellulose. It has been shown that terrestrial isopods achieve lignocellulose degradation thanks to numerous and diverse CAZymes provided by both the host and its microbiota. Nevertheless, the strategies for lignocellulose degradation seem more diversified in isopods, in particular in aquatic species which are the least studied. Isopods could be an interesting source of valuable enzymes for biotechnological industries of biomass conversion.ResultsTo provide new features on the lignocellulose degradation in isopod holobionts, shotgun sequencing of 36 metagenomes of digestive and non-digestive tissues was performed from several populations of four aquatic and terrestrial isopod species. Combined to the 15 metagenomes of an additional species from our previous study, as well as the host transcriptomes, this large dataset allowed us to identify the CAZymes in both the host and the associated microbial communities. Analyses revealed the dominance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in the five species, covering 36% and 56% of the total bacterial community, respectively. The identification of CAZymes and new enzymatic systems for lignocellulose degradation, such as PULs, cellulosomes and LPMOs, highlights the richness of the strategies used by the isopods and their associated microbiota.ConclusionsAltogether, our results show that the isopod holobionts are promising models to study lignocellulose degradation. These models can provide new enzymes and relevant lignocellulose-degrading bacteria strains for the biotechnological industries of biomass conversion.