COMMUNITY SERVICES AND OUT-MIGRATION.
COMMUNITY SERVICES AND OUT-MIGRATION.
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社区服务和向外移民。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00581.x
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ghimire,DirghaJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Massey,DouglasS;Williams,Nathalie;Axinn,WilliamG;Ghimire,DirghaJ
本文研究了当今一个贫穷国家不断变化的社区环境与向外移民之间的关系，试图记录基础设施影响移民行为的各种机制。我们注重扩大农村居民住宅附近的社会和物质设施和服务，包括交通、新市场、就业、学校、诊所和电影霍尔斯等大众媒体。我们利用尼泊尔的详细数据来估计假设的影响。扩大经济和人力资本基础设施的直接影响显然是负面的，减少了向外移民。然而，经济基础设施的增加与答卷人及其父母的人力和社会资本的积累有关。通过这些干预机制，经济和社会基础设施增加了向外移徙的可能性。这些结果揭示了经济和社会变化的短期和长期影响的相互抵消的性质，以及影响移民结果的复杂途径。
This paper investigates the relationship between changing community context and out‐migration in one of today’s poor countries, seeking to document the various mechanisms by which infrastructure affects the migratory behavior. We focus on the expansion of social and physical facilities and services near to rural people’s homes, including transportation, new markets, employment, schools, health clinics, and mass media outlets such as movie halls. We draw upon detailed data from Nepal to estimate the hypothesized effects. The direct effects of expanding economic and human capital infrastructure are clearly negative, reducing out‐migration. However, increased economic infrastructure is associated with a greater accumulation of human and social capital among respondents and their parents. Through these intervening mechanisms, economic and social infrastructure increased the odds of migrating out. These results reveal the often countervailing nature of short‐ and long‐term effects of economic and social change, and the complex pathways influencing migration outcomes.