Infections among patients in nursing homes: policies, prevalence, problems.
Infections among patients in nursing homes: policies, prevalence, problems.
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疗养院患者的感染：政策、流行率、问题。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1981
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
S. Matsumiya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Garibaldi;S. Brodine;S. Matsumiya
我们进行了为期一天的调查，在七个熟练的护理疗养院，以评估他们的感染控制政策，并确定其居民的感染率。在接受调查的所有家庭中，预防控制计划都没有得到很好的发展。我们注意到患者与工作人员的比例很高，工作人员由非专业人员组成，工作人员流动频繁，员工病假补偿很少，并且没有关于患者或工作人员免疫接种的一般政策。在532名患者中，感染率为16.2%，其中最常见的感染类型为褥疮、结膜炎、有症状的尿路感染和下呼吸道感染。85%的留置导尿管的患者有无症状的菌尿;许多人定植有耐药性细菌。上呼吸道感染、腹泻、结膜炎和特定类型菌尿的聚集性病例表明，经常发生局部感染性暴发。传染病的高患病率和病例聚集可能反映了疗养院患者对感染的易感性增加，员工流动率高，或缺乏对感染控制实践的关注。
We performed one-day surveys in seven skilled-care nursing homes in order to evaluate their infection-control policies and to determine the prevalence of infections among their residents. Infection-control programs were not well developed at any of the home surveyed. We noted high patient-to-staff ratios, staffing by nonprofessional personnel, frequent job turnover, infrequent compensation for employee sick leave, and no general policies on immunization of patients or staff. The prevalence of infections among 532 patients was 16.2 per cent. Infected decubitus ulcers, conjunctivitis, symptomatic urinary-tract infections, and lower-respiratory tract infections were the most common types. Eight-five per cent of patients with indwelling urinary catheters had asymptomatic bacteriuria; many were colonized with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Clustering of cases of upper-respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, and specific types of bacteriuria suggested that localized out-breaks of infectious occurred frequently. The high prevalence of infectious diseases and clustering of cases may reflect an increased susceptibility of patients in nursing homes to infections, high employee turnover, or lack of attention to infection-control practices.