New online ecology of adversarial aggregates: ISIS and beyond
New online ecology of adversarial aggregates: ISIS and beyond
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.aaf0675
复制
发表时间：
2016-06-17
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Wuchty, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, N. F.;Zheng, M.;Wuchty, S.
尽管有相当大的外部压力，但对伊斯兰国（ISIS）等极端主义实体的支持以某种方式在全球范围内在线生存，并可能最终激发那些没有极端主义历史、没有恐怖主义派别成员资格或与领导层有直接联系的个人的行为。通过研究在线活动的纵向记录，我们发现了一种在日常时间尺度上不断演化的生态，这种生态推动了在线支持，我们提供了一种描述这种生态的数学理论。这种生态的特点是自组织聚集体（通过链接到Facebook页面或类似物而形成的特设群体），它们在最近的现实世界活动开始之前激增，并采用新的适应机制来提高它们的生存能力。其中一个预测是，针对较小的聚合物可以阻止大的、潜在的亲ISIS聚合物的发展。
Support for an extremist entity such as Islamic State (ISIS) somehow manages to survive globally online despite considerable external pressure and may ultimately inspire acts by individuals having no history of extremism, membership in a terrorist faction, or direct links to leadership. Examining longitudinal records of online activity, we uncovered an ecology evolving on a daily time scale that drives online support, and we provide a mathematical theory that describes it. The ecology features self-organized aggregates (ad hoc groups formed via linkage to a Facebook page or analog) that proliferate preceding the onset of recent real-world campaigns and adopt novel adaptive mechanisms to enhance their survival. One of the predictions is that development of large, potentially potent pro-ISIS aggregates can be thwarted by targeting smaller ones.