Who's In and Who's Out-Compositional Control of Biomolecular Condensates.

Who's In and Who's Out-Compositional Control of Biomolecular Condensates.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2018.08.003
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发表时间:
2018-11-02
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Rosen MK
Rosen MK
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ditlev JA;Case LB;Rosen MK

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生物分子凝聚物是真核细胞中的二维和三维隔室,它浓缩了特定的分子集合,没有封装膜。许多冷凝物表现为动态液体,似乎是通过大分子之间弱的多价相互作用驱动的液-液相分离形成的。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了有关凝聚体成分控制的当前模型和数据,并描述了我们目前对代表性凝聚体成分的理解,包括 PML 核体、P 体、应力颗粒、核仁以及二维膜局部 LAT 和去氧肾上腺素簇。特异性相互作用,例如模块化结合结构域之间的相互作用、本质无序区域和核酸碱基配对之间较弱的相互作用,以及非特异性相互作用,例如静电相互作用和疏水性相互作用,影响冷凝物组成。了解如何确定特定的冷凝物成分对于将冷凝物理解为生化实体并最终辨别其细胞和有机体功能至关重要。
Biomolecular condensates are two- and three-dimensional compartments in eukaryotic cells that concentrate specific collections of molecules without an encapsulating membrane. Many condensates behave as dynamic liquids and appear to form through liquid-liquid phase separation driven by weak, multivalent interactions between macromolecules. In this review, we discuss current models and data regarding the control of condensate composition and we describe our current understanding of the composition of representative condensates including PML nuclear bodies, P-bodies, stress granules, the nucleolus, and two-dimensional membrane localized LAT and nephrin clusters. Specific interactions, such as interactions between modular binding domains, weaker interactions between intrinsically disorder regions and nucleic acid base pairing, and nonspecific interactions, such as electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions, influence condensate composition. Understanding how specific condensate composition is determined is essential to understanding condensates as biochemical entities and ultimately discerning their cellular and organismic functions.
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