Conducting quantitative studies with the participation of political elites: best practices for designing the study and soliciting the participation of political elites
Conducting quantitative studies with the participation of political elites: best practices for designing the study and soliciting the participation of political elites
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在政治精英的参与下进行定量研究：设计研究和征求政治精英参与的最佳实践
DOI：
10.1007/s11135-020-01052-z
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Stolwijk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Vis;S. Stolwijk
进行定量研究（例如，调查、大量采访、实验）在政治精英的参与下通常具有挑战性。鉴于政治精英的人数按定义通常不多，一个特别的挑战是获得足够多的意见，从而获得一定的答复率。本文重点讨论与这一挑战相关的两个问题：（1）设计研究的最佳实践是什么？（2）争取政治精英参与的最佳做法是什么？为了达到这些最佳实践，我们（a）通过统计分析来自8个项目的342份政治精英调查的新汇编数据集，研究哪些因素解释了大规模多波调查项目内部和之间调查响应率的变化，跨越30年，58个国家，（B）整合现有文献中典型的分散发现，（c）讨论在具有此类研究经验的研究人员中进行的原始专家调查的结果（n = 23）。通过汇编一份最佳做法的综合清单，系统地测试一些广泛持有的关于答复率的信念，并根据国家、调查模式和精英类型提供答复率基准，我们的目标是促进未来需要政治精英参与的研究。这将有助于我们了解和理解政治精英的意见、信息处理和决策，从而了解代议制民主的运作。
Conducting quantitative research (e.g., surveys, a large number of interviews, experiments) with the participation of political elites is typically challenging. Given that a population of political elites is typically small by definition, a particular challenge is obtaining a sufficiently high number of observations and, thus, a certain response rate. This paper focuses on two questions related to this challenge: (1) What are best practices for designing the study? And (2) what are best practices for soliciting the participation of political elites? To arrive at these best practices, we (a) examine which factors explain the variation in response rates across surveys within and between large-scale, multi-wave survey projects by statistically analyzing a newly compiled dataset of 342 political elite surveys from eight projects, spanning 30 years and 58 countries, (b) integrate the typically scattered findings from the existing literature and (c) discuss results from an original expert survey among researchers with experience with such research (n = 23). By compiling a comprehensive list of best practices, systematically testing some widely held believes about response rates and by providing benchmarks for response rates depending on country, survey mode and elite type, we aim to facilitate future studies where participation of political elites is required. This will contribute to our knowledge and understanding of political elites’ opinions, information processing and decision making and thereby of the functioning of representative democracies.