Effects of Weed Cover Composition on Insect Pest and Natural Enemy Abundance in a Field of Dracaena marginata (Asparagales: Asparagaceae) in Costa Rica
Effects of Weed Cover Composition on Insect Pest and Natural Enemy Abundance in a Field of Dracaena marginata (Asparagales: Asparagaceae) in Costa Rica
复制标题
哥斯达黎加龙血树田（天门冬：天门冬科）杂草覆盖成分对害虫和天敌丰度的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
T. Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clifford S. Sadof;Mildred Linkimer;E. Hidalgo;F. Casanoves;K. Gibson;T. Benjamin
摘要
2009年在哥斯达黎加大西洋区的一个商业观赏农场研究了杂草及其对害虫和天敌种群的影响。2月，对整个生产地块进行了基线调查，沿着5米× 5米的网格，以表征和绘制植物、叶蝉、Katydids和装甲鳞片的初始杂草群落。共发现21科50种植物。建立了7种杂草处理，以确定杂草操作如何影响我们的目标害虫和天敌群落。这些处理是根据报道的特定杂草覆盖对草食性昆虫和天敌的影响，或通过种植者将其用作覆盖作物来选择的。处理的范围从无杂草到完全覆盖当地特有的杂草。虽然一些杂草治疗改变害虫的丰度，反应不同的节肢动物害虫，观察到最强的影响Caldwelliola和小绿叶蝉。去除所有杂草增加了小绿叶蝉的丰度，而留下大部分莎草科杂草增加了Caldwelliola的丰度。杂草的操作没有影响的丰富的纺织品和规模人口。没有杂草处理减少了所有三种目标害虫的丰度。这两种叶蝉对相同杂草处理的差异反应支持假设，表明非作物植物可以通过其对节肢动物宿主发现和接受的影响以及对天敌的影响来改变害虫的丰度。
ABSTRACT
Weeds and their influence on pest and natural enemy populations were studied on a commercial ornamental farm during 2009 in the Atlantic Zone of Costa Rica. A baseline survey of the entire production plot was conducted in February, along a 5 by 5 m grid to characterize and map initial weed communities of plants, cicadellids, katydids, and armored scales. In total, 50 plant species from 21 families were found. Seven weed treatments were established to determine how weed manipulations would affect communities of our targeted pests and natural enemies. These treatments were selected based on reported effects of specific weed cover on herbivorous insects and natural enemies, or by their use by growers as a cover crop. Treatments ranged from weed-free to being completely covered with endemic species of weeds. Although some weed treatments changed pest abundances, responses differed among arthropod pests, with the strongest effects observed for Caldwelliola and Empoasca leafhoppers. Removal of all weeds increased the abundance of Empoasca, whereas leaving mostly cyperacaeous weeds increased the abundance of Caldwelliola. Weed manipulations had no effect on the abundance of katydid and scale populations. No weed treatment reduced the abundance of all three of the target pests. Differential responses of the two leafhopper species to the same weed treatments support hypotheses, suggesting that noncrop plants can alter the abundance of pests through their effects on arthropod host finding and acceptance, as well as their impacts on natural enemies.