Gender-Specific Emigration Decisions Sensitive to Local Male and Female Density
Gender-Specific Emigration Decisions Sensitive to Local Male and Female Density
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DOI：
10.1086/676524
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Poethke, Hans-Joachim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hovestadt, Thomas;Mitesser, Oliver;Poethke, Hans-Joachim
越来越多的兴趣是针对了解个人如何利用信息来分散决策。我们假设个人的基础移民决策男性和女性的密度在他们的纳塔尔补丁。我们推导出具有离散世代和一夫多妻交配的物种的移民概率的性别特异性函数的前提下，分散策略均衡的移民和philopatric个人的健身期望：迁移的决定，然后应该总是取决于一个临界阈值密度自己的性别。异性密度是否会影响迁出，取决于资源竞争的细节：（1）没有竞争，女性不应该迁出，而男性应该根据当地的性别比例迁出。(2)在雌性或后代之间的极端竞争下，雌性和雄性应该只对自己性别的局部密度做出反应。(3)如果两性都争夺资源，移民对两性的密度都有反应，但男女之间的依赖程度在数量上不同。(4)男性偏向扩散是一夫多妻制物种的普遍期望，但该模型允许指定的条件下，更多的女性比男性可能仍然移民。该模型提供了在模拟中实施密度相关扩散的指导方针，并指定了经验数据中应出现的主要模式。
Increasing interest is directed on understanding how individuals utilize information to come to dispersal decisions. We assume individuals base emigration decisions on male and female density in their natal patches. We derive gender-specific functions for emigration probability of species with discrete generations and polygynous mating under the premise that dispersal strategies equalize fitness expectations of emigrants and philopatric individuals: migration decisions should then always depend on a critical threshold density of the own gender. Whether density of the opposite sex affects emigration depends on details of resource competition: (1) Without competition, females should never emigrate, while males should emigrate in response to local sex ratio. (2) Under extreme competition among females or offspring, females and males should respond to the local density of their own gender only. (3) If both sexes compete over resources, emigration responds to the density of both sexes, but the dependence differs quantitatively between females and males. (4) Male-biased dispersal is the general expectation for polygynous species, but the model allows specifying conditions under which more females than males might nonetheless emigrate. The model provides guidelines for implementing density-dependent dispersal in simulations and specifies principal patterns that should emerge in empirical data.