Pan-Genome Analyses of Geobacillus spp. Reveal Genetic Characteristics and Composting Potential
Pan-Genome Analyses of Geobacillus spp. Reveal Genetic Characteristics and Composting Potential
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms21093393
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Mengmeng Wang;Han Zhu;Zhijian Kong;Tuo Li;Lei Ma;Dongyang Liu;Q. Shen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mengmeng Wang;Han Zhu;Zhijian Kong;Tuo Li;Lei Ma;Dongyang Liu;Q. Shen
土杆菌属具有丰富的生态多样性，是生产各种耐热酶的权威来源。geoobacillus是由芽孢杆菌进化而来，但对其进化机制的了解相对较少，这也可能有助于其生态多样性和生物技术潜力。在这里，对32个Geobacillus基因组进行了统计比较，特别关注泛基因组和核心基因组。该菌株的泛基因组包含14913个基因，其中核心基因组包含940个基因。同源基团簇（COG）和碳水化合物活性酶（CAZymes）分析表明，该菌株在农业废弃物堆肥处理方面具有巨大的工业应用潜力。详细的比较分析表明，核心基因组中基本功能类和管家基因较为保守，而泛基因组中与环境相互作用或能量代谢相关的基因更为丰富。因此，地杆菌的进化似乎受环境参数的引导。此外，还检测了不同地杆菌种间的水平基因转移（HGT）事件。综上所述，泛基因组分析是检测Geobacillus进化机制的有效方法，Geobacillus的进化受环境和HGT事件的指导。
The genus Geobacillus is abundant in ecological diversity and is also well-known as an authoritative source for producing various thermostable enzymes. Although it is clear now that Geobacillus evolved from Bacillus, relatively little knowledge has been obtained regarding its evolutionary mechanism, which might also contribute to its ecological diversity and biotechnology potential. Here, a statistical comparison of thirty-two Geobacillus genomes was performed with a specific focus on pan- and core genomes. The pan-genome of this set of Geobacillus strains contained 14,913 genes, and the core genome contained 940 genes. The Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) and Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes) analysis revealed that the Geobacillus strains had huge potential industrial application in composting for agricultural waste management. Detailed comparative analyses showed that basic functional classes and housekeeping genes were conserved in the core genome, while genes associated with environmental interaction or energy metabolism were more enriched in the pan-genome. Therefore, the evolution of Geobacillus seems to be guided by environmental parameters. In addition, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events among different Geobacillus species were detected. Altogether, pan-genome analysis was a useful method for detecting the evolutionary mechanism, and Geobacillus’ evolution was directed by the environment and HGT events.