Carbon-Cycle Feedbacks Operating in the Climate System
Carbon-Cycle Feedbacks Operating in the Climate System
复制标题
气候系统中的碳循环反馈
DOI：
10.1007/s40641-019-00144-9
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
P. Goodwin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richard G. Williams;Anna Katavouta;P. Goodwin
气候变化涉及气候系统对强迫的直接反应，强迫被气候系统中的反馈放大或减弱。碳循环反馈改变了陆地和海洋的碳库存，从而减少或增加了大气中二氧化碳的增加。碳循环反馈的主流框架将陆地和海洋碳清单的变化与对大气CO2和地表温度的依赖性的线性总和联系起来。碳循环响应和反馈提供了相互竞争的贡献：主要影响是增加大气CO2的作用是增加陆地和海洋碳储存，因此对大气CO2的原始增加提供了负响应和反馈，而上升的表面温度则减少了陆地和海洋碳储存，因此对大气CO2提供了较弱的正反馈。陆地和海洋系统的碳响应和反馈可以用碳响应和反馈参数λcarbon（单位为W m− 2K− 1）表示，并与物理气候反馈参数λclimate线性相关，揭示了碳和气候响应和反馈是如何相互联系的。碳循环响应和反馈参数的幅度和不确定性与云的气候反馈参数的幅度和不确定性相当。需要进一步深入了解陆地和海洋的碳循环反馈是如何控制的，特别是要从大气CO2和气候强迫的变化中分离出经常相互竞争的影响。
Climate change involves a direct response of the climate system to forcing which is amplified or damped by feedbacks operating in the climate system. Carbon-cycle feedbacks alter the land and ocean carbon inventories and so act to reduce or enhance the increase in atmospheric CO2 from carbon emissions. The prevailing framework for carbon-cycle feedbacks connect changes in land and ocean carbon inventories with a linear sum of dependencies on atmospheric CO2 and surface temperature. Carbon-cycle responses and feedbacks provide competing contributions: the dominant effect is that increasing atmospheric CO2 acts to enhance the land and ocean carbon stores, so providing a negative response and feedback to the original increase in atmospheric CO2, while rising surface temperature acts to reduce the land and ocean carbon stores, so providing a weaker positive feedback for atmospheric CO2. The carbon response and feedback of the land and ocean system may be expressed in terms of a combined carbon response and feedback parameter, λcarbon in units of W m− 2K− 1, and is linearly related to the physical climate feedback parameter, λclimate, revealing how carbon and climate responses and feedbacks are inter-connected. The magnitude and uncertainties in the carbon-cycle response and feedback parameter are comparable with the magnitude and uncertainties in the climate feedback parameter from clouds. Further mechanistic insight needs to be gained into how the carbon-cycle feedbacks are controlled for the land and ocean, particularly to separate often competing effects from changes in atmospheric CO2 and climate forcing.
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影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Jones, C. D.;Hughes, J. K.;Zerroukat, M.
通讯作者：
Zerroukat, M.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
P. Goodwin;M. Follows;Richard G. Williams
通讯作者：
P. Goodwin;M. Follows;Richard G. Williams
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Lauderdale, Jonathan M.;Garabato, Alberto C. Naveira;Williams, Richard G.
通讯作者：
Williams, Richard G.
碳排放停止后地表持续变暖的驱动因素
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Williams R
通讯作者：
Williams R