Phylogeny of African Myotis bats (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) inferred from cytochrome b sequences
Phylogeny of African Myotis bats (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) inferred from cytochrome b sequences
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DOI：
10.3161/001.006.0201
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Ruedi, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stadelmann, B;Jacobs, DS;Ruedi, M
鼠耳草属由大约 100 个物种组成，在北半球（占物种的 81%）和南半球（占物种的 19%）之间分布不均。埃塞俄比亚地区仅存在八种鼠耳蝠，但这是唯一一个拥有所有四个经典亚属代表的生物地理区域，表明形态型的多样化组合。我们使用线粒体 DNA 基因 (cyt b) 的序列来研究八个埃塞俄比亚物种中的七个物种的进化和系统发育位置，并将它们与来自世界各地的鼠耳蝠和其他 vespertilionids 的广泛样本进行比较。系统发育重建基于代表 79 种蝙蝠的 91 个完整序列。正如早期基于核学的研究表明，Cistugo 亚属的两种南非特有种并不属于鼠耳草属，而是 vespertilionid 辐射的基础。其余的埃塞俄比亚物种在鼠耳蝠内形成了强大的单系支，进一步强调了生物地理学作为系统发育关系的良好预测因子的重要性。这个埃塞俄比亚分支包括一种西古北界物种和一种东方物种，这两种物种可能都是从埃塞俄比亚地区二次殖民到这些地区的。基于贝叶斯推论的分子测年表明，这些动物区系交换发生在中新世末期，而埃塞俄比亚鼠耳蝠分支与其他旧大陆鼠耳蝠的分裂可以追溯到中新世中期，即鼠耳蝠辐射的早期。因此，撒哈拉以南非洲的物种相对稀少不能归因于较晚进入该大陆。相反，这些分子结果表明，其他进化过程是造成当今非洲鼠耳蝠物种多样性较差的原因。
The genus Myotis is comprised of about 100 species that are unequally distributed between the Northern (81% of the species) and the Southern hemisphere (19% of the species). Only eight species of Myotis occur in the Ethiopian region, but this is the only biogeographic region with representatives of all four classical subgenera, suggesting a diverse assemblage of morphotypes. We used sequences of a mitochondrial DNA gene (cyt b) to investigate the evolution and the phylogenctic position of seven of the eight Ethiopian species, and compared them to a broad sampling of Myotis from the World and of other vespertilionids. Phylogenetic reconstruction was based on 91 complete sequences representing 79 species of bats. The two endemic southern African species of the subgenus Cistugo were not placed within the genus Myotis, but were basal to the vespertilionid radiation, as suggested by earlier work based on karyology. The remaining Ethiopian species formed a strong monophyletic clade within Myotis, further stressing the importance of biogeography as a good predictor of phylogenetic relationships. This Ethiopian clade includes one Western Palaearctic and one Oriental species, both of which probably secondarily colonized these areas from the Ethiopian region. Molecular dating based on Bayesian inferences suggest that these faunal exchanges occurred at the end of the Miocene, while the split of the Ethiopian clade from the other Old World Myotis dates back to the middle Miocene, quite early in the Myotis radiation. Thus, the relative paucity of species in sub-Saharan Africa cannot be attributed to a late entry into this continent. Instead, these molecular results suggest that other evolutionary processes are responsible for the poor species diversity of Myotis found in Africa today.