Senecavirus A: An Emerging Vesicular Infection in Brazilian Pig Herds
Senecavirus A: An Emerging Vesicular Infection in Brazilian Pig Herds
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DOI：
10.1111/tbed.12430
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Alfieri, A. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leme, R. A.;Zotti, E.;Alfieri, A. A.
水泡病是影响农场动物的临床和经济上重要的传染病。北美的研究表明，SenecaVirus A感染可能与一种被称为猪特发性水泡病(PIVD)的水泡病有关。2015年初，巴西3个地理区域的6个州相继爆发猪水泡病疫情。对强制性报告的经典水泡性疾病进行官方诊断试验，结果为阴性。这项研究调查了PIVD暴发中老年病毒A的感染情况，排除了其他病因。设计了一套用于RT-PCR扩增老年病毒A基因组VP3/VP1区542个核苷酸大小的引物。在硅胶标本和猪生物标本中分析了引物的特异性。为此，从8个受PIVD影响的猪群采集了临床标本，包括水泡液(n=4)和拭子(n=7)，以及断奶仔猪和成年猪破裂小泡和溃烂病变的刮片(n=5)。PIVD感染和未感染猪群的临床健康动物(n=52)也接受了老年A型病毒感染的评估。在RT-PCR检测中，16个来自PIVD感染动物的样本呈SenecaVirus A阳性，而临床健康的猪均未检测到该病毒。序列分析表明，该病毒与SVV-01原型株和其他来自北美的老年病毒A株有很高的核苷酸(87.6-98.5%)和氨基酸(95-99.4%)的相似性。结果表明，A型老年病毒是本次猪群水泡病暴发的病原。这是首次报道在北美以外的临床感染猪中感染老年病毒A的研究。SenecaVirus A被认为是一种新出现的病原体，与巴西一种重要的水疱性疾病有关。
Vesicular diseases are clinically and economically important infections that affect farm animals. North American studies have suggested that Senecavirus A infection might be associated with a vesicular disease in pigs known as porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD). In the beginning of 2015, outbreaks of porcine vesicular disease have occurred in six Brazilian states from three geographical regions. Official diagnostic tests were performed with negative results for classical vesicular diseases of compulsory reporting. This study investigated Senecavirus A infection in PIVD outbreaks in which other aetiological agents were ruled out. A primer set was designed to amplify a 542-bp product size of VP3/VP1 region of Senecavirus A genome in RT-PCR assay. Primer specificity was analysed in silico and in porcine biological specimens. For this, clinical specimens were collected from eight pig herds affected with PIVD, including vesicular fluid (n=4) and swabs (n=7) and scrapings of ruptured vesicles and ulcerative lesions (n=5) from weaned and adult pigs. Clinically healthy animals (n=52) of PIVD-affected and non-affected pig herds also were evaluated for Senecavirus A infection. The 16 samples from PIVD-affected animals were positive for Senecavirus A in the RT-PCR assay, while none of the clinically healthy pigs were detected with the virus. Sequencing analysis revealed high nucleotide (87.6-98.5%) and amino acid (95-99.4%) similarities to SVV-01 prototype and other Senecavirus A strains from North American pigs. Primer set presented herein was suitable for molecular characterization of Senecavirus A. The results suggest that Senecavirus A was the aetiological agent of the vesicular disease outbreaks in the evaluated pig herds. This is the first study to report the Senecavirus A infection in clinically affected pigs outside of North America. Senecavirus A was considered a novel emerging pathogen associated with an important vesicular disease in Brazil.