Exercise during pregnancy and its impact on mothers and offspring in humans and mice
Exercise during pregnancy and its impact on mothers and offspring in humans and mice
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DOI：
10.1017/s2040174417000617
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Graf, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferrari, N.;Bae-Gartz, I.;Graf, C.
怀孕期间的锻炼对人类和小鼠的母体和后代的健康有益。根本机制仍不清楚。这项比较研究旨在确定运动计划对新陈代谢、体重增加、身体成分和激素[胰岛素、瘦素、脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF)] 变化的长期影响。孕妇 (n=34) 和母鼠 (n=44) 接受锻炼计划，与匹配的对照组进行比较（第一期）。对人类后代进行了超过 6 个月的随访，相当于小鼠出生后第 21 天（P）（II 期）。一半的小鼠后代在 P70 和 P112 之间接受为期 6 周的高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 挑战（第三期）。在第一阶段，与对照组相比，怀孕期间的运动使人类的脂肪含量降低了 6%，瘦素水平降低了 40%，BDNF 水平增加了 50%，但在小鼠中没有观察到这一点。在人类和小鼠的第二阶段之后，后代的体重与对照组没有差异。在第三阶段观察到了进一步的差异。与对照组相比，运动小鼠的后代的脂肪量和瘦素水平显着降低。此外，在 P112 时，运动母亲的后代的 BDNF 水平显着升高，而这种影响被 HFD 喂养完全削弱。在这项研究中，我们发现人类和小鼠对母体和后代体重增加的影响相当，但对胰岛素、瘦素和 BDNF 的影响不同。运动对生物标志物的长期潜在保护作用应该在人体研究中进行检验。
Exercise during pregnancy has beneficial effects on maternal and offspring's health in humans and mice. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This comparative study aimed to determine the long-term effects of an exercise program on metabolism, weight gain, body composition and changes in hormones [insulin, leptin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)]. Pregnant women (n=34) and mouse dams (n=44) were subjected to an exercise program compared with matched controls (period I). Follow-up in the offspring was performed over 6 months in humans, corresponding to postnatal day (P) 21 in mice (period II). Half of the mouse offspring was challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks between P70 and P112 (period III). In period I, exercise during pregnancy led to 6% lower fat content, 40% lower leptin levels and an increase of 50% BDNF levels in humans compared with controls, which was not observed in mice. After period II in humans and mice, offspring body weight did not differ from that of the controls. Further differences were observed in period III. Offspring of exercising mouse dams had significantly lower fat mass and leptin levels compared with controls. In addition, at P112, BDNF levels in offspring were significantly higher from exercising mothers while this effect was completely blunted by HFD feeding. In this study, we found comparable effects on maternal and offspring's weight gain in humans and mice but different effects in insulin, leptin and BDNF. The long-term potential protective effects of exercise on biomarkers should be examined in human studies.