The Emerging Role of NETs in Venous Thrombosis and Immunothrombosis.
The Emerging Role of NETs in Venous Thrombosis and Immunothrombosis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2016.00236
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Henke PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimball AS;Obi AT;Diaz JA;Henke PK
静脉血栓形成（VT）是世界范围内发病率和死亡率的主要原因，最近已通过称为NETosis的过程将其与中性粒细胞活化和中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NET）的释放联系起来。各种体内血栓形成模型和基因修饰小鼠的使用更精确地定义了NETosis在VT发病机制中的确切作用。转化的大型动物VT模型和人类研究已经证实了NET在病理性VT中的存在。中性粒细胞的激活，以及随后的NETosis，也与急性感染有关。这种先天性免疫反应虽然通过形成血管内杀菌“网”而有效地从宿主清除细菌，但也引发血栓形成。与这种先天免疫机制相关的血管内血栓形成被称为免疫血栓形成。免疫血栓形成失调被认为是脓毒症和自身免疫性疾病中病理性微血管和大血管血栓形成的机制。在这篇集中的综述中，我们将讨论NET在VT和免疫血栓形成发病机制中的双重作用。
Venous thrombosis (VT), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, has recently been linked to neutrophil activation and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) via a process called NETosis. The use of various in vivo thrombosis models and genetically modified mice has more precisely defined the exact role of NETosis in the pathogenesis of VT. Translational large animal VT models and human studies have confirmed the presence of NETs in pathologic VT. Activation of neutrophils, with subsequent NETosis, has also been linked to acute infection. This innate immune response, while effective for bacterial clearance from the host by formation of an intravascular bactericidal “net,” also triggers thrombosis. Intravascular thrombosis related to such innate immune mechanisms has been coined immunothrombosis. Dysregulated immunothrombosis has been proposed as a mechanism of pathologic micro- and macrovascular thrombosis in sepsis and autoimmune disease. In this focused review, we will address the dual role of NETs in the pathogenesis of VT and immunothrombosis.