Effects of Context Type on Lipreading and Listening Performance and Implications for Sentence Processing.
Effects of Context Type on Lipreading and Listening Performance and Implications for Sentence Processing.
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语境类型对唇读和听力表现的影响以及对句子处理的影响。
DOI：
10.1044/2015_jslhr-h-14-0360
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tye-Murray,Nancy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Spehar,Brent;Goebel,Stacey;Tye-Murray,Nancy
目的本研究比较了两种不同类型的语境线索的使用情况（基于句子和基于情景），2种不同模式方法对20名青年人进行了插图句子测验（Illustrated Sentence Test（Tye-Murray，黑尔，Spehar，Myerson，& Sommers，2014）和噪声测试中的语音感知（Bilger，Nuetzel，Rabinowitz，& Rzeczkowski，1984; Kalikow，Stevens，& Elliott，1977）。插图句子测试呈现没有上下文的句子和伴随着基于图片的情景上下文线索的句子。语音感知噪声测试中提出的句子与低的语音感知为基础的上下文和句子与高的语音感知为基础的context.ResultsParticipants受益于这两种类型的上下文，并收到更多的好处时，测试发生在视觉上的唯一的模态比当它发生在仅模态的语音感知。参与者对基于事件的上下文的使用与基于情境的上下文的使用无关。线索的使用没有相关性之间的2 models.ConclusionsThe使用上下文线索的能力似乎是依赖于类型的线索和呈现方式的目标词（S）。在理论意义上，研究结果表明，单词识别和句子处理的模型应该包括多个信息源的影响，并认识到这两种类型的上下文对言语感知有不同的影响。在临床意义上，结果表明，听力康复计划可能会提供培训，以优化使用这两种上下文线索。
PurposeThis study compared the use of 2 different types of contextual cues (sentence based and situation based) in 2 different modalities (visual only and auditory only).MethodTwenty young adults were tested with the Illustrated Sentence Test (Tye-Murray, Hale, Spehar, Myerson, & Sommers, 2014) and the Speech Perception in Noise Test (Bilger, Nuetzel, Rabinowitz, & Rzeczkowski, 1984; Kalikow, Stevens, & Elliott, 1977) in the 2 modalities. The Illustrated Sentences Test presents sentences with no context and sentences accompanied by picture-based situational context cues. The Speech Perception in Noise Test presents sentences with low sentence-based context and sentences with high sentence-based context.ResultsParticipants benefited from both types of context and received more benefit when testing occurred in the visual-only modality than when it occurred in the auditory-only modality. Participants' use of sentence-based context did not correlate with use of situation-based context. Cue usage did not correlate between the 2 modalities.ConclusionsThe ability to use contextual cues appears to be dependent on the type of cue and the presentation modality of the target word(s). In a theoretical sense, the results suggest that models of word recognition and sentence processing should incorporate the influence of multiple sources of information and recognize that the 2 types of context have different influences on speech perception. In a clinical sense, the results suggest that aural rehabilitation programs might provide training to optimize use of both kinds of contextual cues.