The effect of rain, wind-driven rain and wind on particle transport under controlled laboratory conditions

The effect of rain, wind-driven rain and wind on particle transport under controlled laboratory conditions
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受控实验室条件下降雨、风驱动的降雨和风对颗粒输运的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2016.05.018
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
J.L.M.P.
J.L.M.P.
中科院分区:
农林科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marzen;Iserloh;De Lima;J.L.M.P.

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土壤颗粒在地表径流发生前的运移是土壤侵蚀研究中的一大问号。由于试验设计和试验程序的特殊要求,短距离输运土壤颗粒的精确测量是土壤侵蚀科学面临的一个挑战。为了量化每种运输的数量和距离,我们开发了一个实验实验室装置,包括一个多排水沟系统和特里尔便携式风雨模拟器(PWRS)。测量了雨滴(飞溅-蠕变和飞溅)、风致降雨(飞溅-蠕动、飞溅-跳跃和飞溅-漂移)和风(爬行和跳跃)引起的土壤颗粒分离和运移的数量和移动距离。试验装置包括三种不同的侵蚀介质(单独降雨、单独的风致降雨和风力)、两种基质(沙质和壤质)、三种表面结构(光滑/颗粒粗糙度、纵向细沟和细沟横向)和三个坡度(0°/水平、7°下坡和7°上坡)。结果给出了三种侵蚀剂在不同基质和地表条件下的迁移规律,最远距离为1.6µm,表面因素的影响各不相同,而侵蚀剂似乎是最关键的因素。在外加雨强和风速的条件下,风雨共同作用下,风致雨溅对颗粒的侵蚀量最大,颗粒的移动距离更远。所有三种侵蚀因素的影响都牵涉到相当大的再分配过程,是研究源和汇动态、野外尺度沉积物收支和连通性的关键因素。
Transport of soil particles prior to the occurrence of overland flow is one of the big question marks in soil erosion studies. The exact measurement of short-distance transported soil particles is a challenge to soil erosion science due to the particular requirements of the experimental design and test procedure. To quantify amount and distance of each type of transport, we developed an experimental laboratory setup including a multiple-gutter system and the Trier Portable Wind and Rainfall Simulator (PWRS). Measured were amount and travel distance of soil particles detached and transported by raindrops (splash-creep and splash), wind-driven rain (splash-creep, splash-saltation and splash-drift) and wind (reptation and saltation). The test setup included three different agents of erosion (rain solely, wind-driven rain and wind solely), two substrates (sandy and loamy), three surface structures (smooth/ grain roughness, rills lengthwise and rills transversal) and three slope angles (0°/horizontal, 7° downslope and 7° upslope). The results give detailed transport patterns of the three erosion agents under the varying substrates and surface conditions up to a distance of 1.6 m. Influence of the surface factors varies, whereas the factor “agent of erosion” seems to be the most crucial one. Under the applied rain intensity and wind velocity, wind-driven rain splash generates the highest erosion and a further travel distance of the particles due to the combined action of wind and rain. The impact of all three agents of erosion implicates considerable redistribution processes and is a crucial factor for investigation of source- and sink dynamics, field scale sediment budgets and connectivity.
针叶林和落叶林下的防水性 - 实验评估及其对地表径流的影响
DOI: --
发表时间: 2015
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通讯作者: M. Casper
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通过降雨模拟和无人机遥感数据分析摩洛哥苏斯盆地土地平整措施影响的沟渠流域土壤侵蚀
DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2013.09.004
发表时间: 2014
期刊: Catena
影响因子: 6.2
作者:
d'Oleire-Oltmanns;Marzolff;Aït Hssaïne
通讯作者: Aït Hssaïne
DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2009.07.005
发表时间: 2009-12
影响因子: 6.5
作者:
J. Ries;M. Seeger;T. Iserloh;S. Wistorf;W. Fister
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DOI: 10.1002/esp.3290100109
发表时间: 1985
影响因子: 3.3
作者:
H. Riezebos;G. Epema
通讯作者: H. Riezebos;G. Epema