Yield Loss and Integrated Disease Control of Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 Using Seed Treatment and Sowing Rate of Oilseed Rape
Yield Loss and Integrated Disease Control of Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 Using Seed Treatment and Sowing Rate of Oilseed Rape
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油菜种子处理及播种率对立枯丝核菌AG2-1的产量损失及病害综合防治
DOI：
10.1094/pdis-08-22-1817-re
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Jayaweera D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jayaweera D
水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solanianastation group，AG)2-1是引起油菜严重立枯病的土传病原菌。在品种对AG2-1缺乏抵抗力的情况下，综合疾病管理的方法有限。这些田间研究的目的是量化−-1造成的产量损失，并确定在GS16和GS32分别以40(低)和80(高)种子的播量下，使用色达克松、氟虫腈和甲霜灵作为种子处理的综合防治效果。产量和种子重量损失分别为41%和18%与OSR的建立、GAI和活力降低以及OSR的发育和开花延迟有关。种子处理使土壤中的AG2-1DNA减少了80%，成苗率、千粒重和产量分别提高了94%、16%和%。种子处理也减轻了AG2-1延缓植物发育的影响，从而提高了作物开花的一致性。感染AG2-1的OSR植株遭受CSFB的伤害增加27%，这表明病虫相互作用是以损害OSR寄主为代价的。通过低播量和种子处理相结合的方法，实现了对AG2-1感染的最佳控制。但在病虫害双重侵染下，应结合高播量和种子处理，以减轻AG2-1和CSFB危害造成的幼苗死亡和发育延迟。
Rhizoctonia solanianastomosis group (AG) 2-1 is an ubiquitous soilborne pathogen causing severe damping-off of oilseed rape (OSR). In the absence of varietal resistance to AG2-1, there are limited methods for integrated disease management. The objectives of these field studies were to quantify yield losses due to AG2-1 and to determine the effectiveness of integrated control using sedaxane, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl-M applied as seed treatment on two OSR genotypes at a sowing rate of 40 (low) or 80 (high) seeds m−2. Crop assessments of green area index (GAI), vigor, and cabbage stem flea beetle (CSFB)Psylliodes chrysocephaladamage were carried out at GS16, while pathogen DNA in soil was quantified using real-time PCR at GS32. Yield and seed weight losses of 41 and 18%, respectively, were associated with reduced establishment, GAI, vigor, and delayed development and flowering of OSR. Seed treatment reduced AG2-1 DNA in soil by 80%, resulting in a 94, 16, and 64% increase of establishment, thousand seed weight (TSW), and yield, respectively. Seed treatment also mitigated the effects of AG2-1 on delaying plant development, resulting in increased uniformity of crop flowering. OSR plants infected with AG2-1 suffered 27% more damage by the CSFB, indicating positive pathogen-pest interaction at the expense of the OSR host. Optimum control of AG2-1 infection was achieved by integrating low sowing rate and seed treatment. However, under dual pest and pathogen attack, high sowing rates should be combined with the use of seed treatment to mitigate seedling death and delayed development caused by AG2-1 and CSFB damage.