Urbanization-driven climate change increases invertebrate lipid demand, relative to protein-A response to dehydration
Urbanization-driven climate change increases invertebrate lipid demand, relative to protein-A response to dehydration
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.13720
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发表时间：
2020-12-08
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
McCluney, Kevin E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becker, Jamie E.;McCluney, Kevin E.
1. 气候变化不仅改变动物的能量平衡，还改变水平衡，但后者受到的关注较少。水可以通过消耗湿食物和代谢干食物来获得。碳水化合物、脂质和蛋白质的分解可以产生代谢水。脂质代谢产生大量的水，而与蛋白质代谢相关的含氮废物的排泄则需要水分损失。2．在这里，我们检验了以下假设：由于水平衡的变化，与城市化相关的气候变化会影响相对于蛋白质的动物脂质需求。3。我们在美国俄亥俄州托莱多城市化梯度沿线的 16 个地点放置了高脂质或高蛋白质的人工饲料，并添加或不添加水。4。相对于蛋白质，脂质消耗随着城市化和平均气温的增加而增加，但补充水减少了这种关联的程度。蚂蚁与 50% 的观察消费者相似。5．这些结果表明，根据与水平衡和营养代谢相关的生理第一原理，营养需求随气候变化的变化可以部分预测。由于蚂蚁和其他节肢动物在许多食物网和生态系统中发挥着关键作用，随着城市化或气候变化对脂质的需求增加可能会对生态系统服务（例如城市废物清除、种子捕食）产生重大影响。总体而言，我们的结果表明，与城市化相关的变暖增加了动物对脂质的需求，部分是为了维持水平衡，这可能对动物健康和生态系统服务产生重要影响。
1. Climatic change alters not only animal energy balance but also water balance, but this latter topic has received less attention. Water can be obtained through consumption of moist food and metabolism of dry food. The breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins can produce metabolic water. Metabolism of lipids produces large amounts of water, whereas excretion of nitrogenous waste related to protein metabolism requires water losses.2. Here we tested the hypothesis that climatic shifts associated with urbanization influences animal lipid demand relative to protein, due to shifts in water balance.3. We placed artificial diets high in lipid or protein, and either with or without supplemented water, at 16 pairs of sites along an urbanization gradient in Toledo, OH, USA.4. Lipid consumption, relative to protein, increased with urbanization and mean temperature, but water supplementation reduced the magnitude of this association. Ants were similar to 50% of the observed consumers.5. These results suggest that shifts in nutritional demand with climatic change are partially predictable from physiological first principles related to water balance and nutrient metabolism. Because ants and other arthropods play key roles in many food webs and ecosystems, increased demand for lipids with urbanization or climate change could have major consequences for ecosystem services (e.g. urban waste removal, seed predation). Overall, our results suggest that warming related to urbanization increases animal demand for lipids, in part to maintain water balance, and this could have important implications for both animal health and ecosystem services.