Presynaptic NMDA receptors: newly appreciated roles in cortical synaptic function and plasticity.

Presynaptic NMDA receptors: newly appreciated roles in cortical synaptic function and plasticity.
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DOI:
10.1177/1073858408322675
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发表时间:
2008-12
期刊:
The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Philpot BD
Philpot BD
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Corlew R;Brasier DJ;Feldman DE;Philpot BD

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突触发育、可塑性和神经传递的许多方面都受到 NMDA 型谷氨酸受体 (NMDAR) 的严重影响。此外,NMDAR 的功能障碍与多种神经系统疾病有关,包括精神分裂症、中风、癫痫和神经性疼痛。传统上,NMDAR 被认为完全是突触后的。然而,过去 10 年的大量证据表明,NMDAR 也存在于突触前,并且突触前 NMDA 受体 (preNMDAR) 调节突触功能,并在许多突触的可塑性中发挥关键作用。在这里,我们回顾了目前关于前 NMDAR 在突触传递和可塑性中的作用的知识,重点关注新皮质。我们讨论这些受体的流行、功能和发育,以及它们通过经验和脑病理学的潜在修改。
Many aspects of synaptic development, plasticity, and neurotransmission are critically influenced by NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs). Moreover, dysfunction of NMDARs has been implicated in a broad array of neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, stroke, epilepsy, and neuropathic pain. Classically, NMDARs were thought to be exclusively postsynaptic. However, substantial evidence in the last 10 years demonstrates that NMDARs also exist presynaptically, and that presynaptic NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) modulate synapse function and have critical roles in plasticity at many synapses. Here we review current knowledge of the role of preNMDARs in synaptic transmission and plasticity, focusing on the neocortex. We discuss the prevalence, function, and development of these receptors, and their potential modification by experience and in brain pathology.
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