Acute Bronchitis and Volcanic Air Pollution: A Community-Based Cohort Study at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai`i, USA
Acute Bronchitis and Volcanic Air Pollution: A Community-Based Cohort Study at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai`i, USA
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DOI：
10.1080/15287390802414117
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Yang, Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Longo, Bernadette M.;Yang, Wei
夏威夷的基拉韦厄火山自1983年以来一直在喷发，向附近社区排放含硫的空气污染物。这项队列研究的目的是估计2004年1月至2006年12月期间暴露于火山空气污染的社区急性支气管炎的相对风险（RR）。使用来自暴露和未暴露研究区域的诊所和急诊室的医疗记录进行了基于社区的病例审查。对当地居民诊断为急性支气管炎的首次就诊进行临床审查。3年期间的累积发病率在未暴露社区为117.74/1000，在暴露社区为184.63/1000。根据年龄和性别对RR估计值进行标准化，显示暴露社区急性支气管炎的累积发病率比（CIR）升高至1.57（95%CI = 1.36-1.81）。居住在接触社区的0-14岁儿童的风险最高[CIR：6.56（95% CI = 3.16-13.6）]。年龄在45-64岁之间的中年女性暴露者患急性支气管炎的风险是未暴露者的两倍。这些研究结果表明，持续暴露于含硫火山空气污染的社区在整个生命周期中患急性支气管炎的风险可能更高。
Eruption at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai(`)i, has continued since 1983, emitting sulfurous air pollution into nearby communities. The purpose of this cohort study was to estimate the relative risk (RR) of acute bronchitis over a period from January 2004 to December 2006 in communities exposed to the volcanic air pollution. A community-based case review was conducted using medical records from clinics and emergency rooms in exposed and unexposed study areas. Initial visits by local residents for diagnosed acute bronchitis were clinically reviewed. The cumulative incidence rate for the 3-yr period was 117.74 per 1000 in unexposed communities and 184.63 per 1000 in exposed communities. RR estimates were standardized for age and gender, revealing an elevated cumulative incidence ratio (CIR) of 1.57 (95% CI = 1.36-1.81) for acute bronchitis in the exposed communities. Highest risk [CIR: 6.56 (95% CI = 3.16-13.6)] was observed in children aged 0-14 yr who resided in the exposed communities. Exposed middle-aged females aged 45-64 yr had double the risk for acute bronchitis than their unexposed counterparts. These findings suggest that communities continuously exposed to sulfurous volcanic air pollution may have a higher risk of acute bronchitis across the life span.