MOTIVATIONS FOR AID TO DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES
MOTIVATIONS FOR AID TO DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES
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DOI：
10.1016/0305-750x(84)90046-9
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
NISSANKE, MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MAIZELS, A;NISSANKE, MK
本文件试图确定援助分配的基本原则，特别是受援国的需要与捐助国的利益之间的动机平衡。通过对1969-1970年和1978-1980年向大约80个发展中国家提供的双边和多边援助流量进行跨国回归，可以得出两个备选模型。第一种（受援国需求）模式假定所有援助都是为了弥补国内资源的短缺。这一模式为多边援助的分配提供了合理的解释，但显然不适用于双边援助流动。第二种（捐助方利益）模式假定所有援助都只服务于捐助方利益，其定义涵盖政治/安全投资和贸易利益。这一模式对双边援助的解释一般都很好，但对多边援助则不太适用。各捐助方利益的相对重要性在各捐助方之间差别很大。本文件最后分析了1970年代援助余额向受援国需求要素的转变，并提到1980年代政策的急剧变化，日益强调捐助国的利益援助。
This paper attempts to identify the underlying principles of aid allocation, and particularly the balance of motivations as between the needs of recipient countries and the interests of donor countries. Two alternative models are fitted by cross-country regressions to bilateral and multilateral aid flows to some 80 developing countries in 1969–1970 and 1978–1980. The first (recipient need) model assumes that all aid is given to compensate for shortfalls in domestic resources. This model provides a reasonable explanation for the distribution of multilateral aid, but it is clearly not applicable for bilateral aid flows. The second (donor interest) model assumes that all aid serves only donor interests, defined to cover political/security investment and trade interests. This model gives generally good explanations of bilateral aid, but is a poor fit for multilateral aid. The relative importance of the various donor interests differs sharply among donors. The paper ends with an analysis of the shift in the balance of aid over the 1970s towards the recipient need element, and with a reference to the sharp change in policy in the 1980s towards increasing emphasis on donor interest aid.