Skinning the goat and pulling the load: transactional sex among youth in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Skinning the goat and pulling the load: transactional sex among youth in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1080/09540120701294286
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Mbwambo, J. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maganja, R. K.;Maman, S.;Mbwambo, J. K.
在撒哈拉以南非洲的一些研究中，变性与艾滋病毒感染风险有关。在坦桑尼亚，城市青年妇女在经济上处于弱势地位，感染艾滋病毒的风险更高;但很少有研究探讨这种情况下的关系动态，包括性交易。本文揭示了更广泛的背景下，在艾滋病毒风险的青年之间的性关系，如何在这些关系中发挥性交易，以及如何关系的交易性质影响妇女的艾滋病毒的风险。我们在坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆与16-24岁的年轻男女进行了60次深入访谈和14次焦点小组讨论。这些数据指导了针对青年男子的基于社区的艾滋病毒和暴力预防干预措施的制定。青年描述了在所有类型的性关系中以性换取金钱或其他物质商品。虽然这种交换在随意的关系中是明确的，但年轻女性也表达了对忠诚伴侣的物质和金钱期望。年轻男子称他们追求多个伴侣是出于性动机，而妇女则出于经济原因寻求多个伴侣。年轻男子意识到希望从伴侣那里得到物质支持，并承认他们供养伴侣的能力影响到他们关系的持久性和排他性。年轻人描述了他们对性伴侣的动机和承诺的深深不信任。此外，年轻妇女在经济上对男子的依赖影响了她们在随意和承诺的关系中协商安全性行为的能力。旨在降低坦桑尼亚青年艾滋病毒风险的方案需要考虑到性关系中的交易成分，以及这种交换如何根据伙伴类型而有所不同。
Transactional sex has been associated with risk of HIV infection in a number of studies throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Urban young women are economically vulnerable and at heightened risk of HIV infection in Tanzania; yet there are few studies that have explored relationship dynamics, including transactional sex, in this setting. This paper sheds light on the broader context of sexual relationships among youth at risk for HIV, how transactional sex plays out in these relationships, and how the transactional nature of relationships affects women's risk for HIV. We conducted 60 in depth interviews and 14 focus group discussions with young men and women, 16-24 years old, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. These data guided the development of a community based HIV and violence prevention intervention for young men. Youth described the exchange of sex for money or other material goods in all types of sexual relationships. While the exchange was explicit in casual relationships, young women voiced material and monetary expectations from their committed partners as well. Young men described their pursuit of multiple partners as sexually motivated, while women sought multiple partners for economic reasons. Young men were aware of the expectations of material support from partners, and acknowledged that their ability to provide for a partner affected both the longevity and exclusivity of their relationships. Youth described a deep mistrust of the motivations and commitment of their sexual partners. Furthermore, young women's financial dependence on men impacted their ability to negotiate safe sexual behaviors in both casual and committed relationships. Programs designed to reduce HIV risk among Tanzanian youth need to take into account the transactional component of sexual relationships and how such exchanges differ according to partner type.