The legal status of consent obtained from families of adult patients to withhold or withdraw treatment.
The legal status of consent obtained from families of adult patients to withhold or withdraw treatment.
复制标题
获得成年患者家属同意停止或撤回治疗的法律地位。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Areen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Areen
本文回顾了(1)关于生前遗嘱和预先指示的州立法，以及(2)授权家庭成员决定拒绝或撤销对成年患者的维持生命治疗的州法院判决和立法。从五个方面对新出现的法律标准进行了总结：患者合格的类型；可以撤销或停止的治疗类型；指定哪些家庭成员有权行使权力；旨在防止家庭成员滥用新权力的措施；以及授权医生做决定的条款。提交人建议，最谨慎的做法是指示保健服务提供者接受家庭的决定，除非该家庭的行为似乎是出于无知或恶意，在这种情况下，决定将提交医院的伦理学家或道德委员会，然后——只有在有充分理由怀疑无知或恶意的情况下——提交司法审查。
A review is provided of (1) state legislation on living wills and advance directives and (2) state court decisions and legislation authorizing family members to make the decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment from adult patients. Five aspects of the emerging legal standards are summarized: the type of patient eligible; the type of treatment that may be withdrawn or withheld; designation of which family members are empowered to exercise authority; measures intended to prevent abuse of the new power by family members; and provisions empowering physicians to decide. The author suggests that the most prudent course would be to direct health care providers to accept family decisions unless it appears that the family is acting out of ignorance or in bad faith, in which case the decision would be referred to a hospital ethicist or ethics committee and then--only if there were good grounds to suspect ignorance or bad faith--to judicial review.