The prospects of artificial intelligence in urban planning
The prospects of artificial intelligence in urban planning
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DOI：
10.1080/12265934.2022.2102538
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Thomas W Sanchez;H. Shumway;Trey Gordner;Theo Lim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thomas W Sanchez;H. Shumway;Trey Gordner;Theo Lim
摘要在过去的几十年里，城市规划已经考虑了各种先进的分析方法，采用程度或高或低。地理信息系统（GIS）可能是最值得注意的，其他如数据库管理系统（DBMS），决策支持系统（DSS），规划支持系统（PSS）和专家系统（ES），具有混合的认可和接受水平（Kontokosta，C。E.（2021年）。规划科学与实践中的城市信息学。Journal of Planning Education and Research，41（4），382-395. doi：10.1177/0739456X18793716; Yigitcanlar，T.，Desouza，K. C.的方法，巴特勒湖，& Roozkhosh，F.（2020年）。人工智能（AI）在建设智能城市中的贡献和风险：来自文献系统综述的见解。Energies，13（6），1473）.信息技术的进步在城市规划领域进展非常缓慢，最近涉及“智能城市”技术，同时革命性地改变了其他领域，如消费品和服务。百度、亚马逊、Netflix、谷歌和其他许多公司都在利用这些技术来深入了解消费者的行为和特征，并改善供应链和物流。这是城市规划者考虑应用人工智能相关技术的适当时机，因为数据可用性大幅增加，处理速度提高，规划相关应用程序的普及和发展增加。在过去的几年里，城市规划学者对这些主题的研究有所增加，但几乎没有证据表明这些研究成果正在进入专业规划师的手中（Batty，M。（2018年）。人工智能与智慧城市环境与规划B：城市分析与城市科学，45（1），3-6; Batty，M.（2021年）。数字时代的教育规划。环境与规划B：城市分析与城市科学，48（2），207-211）。其他人则鼓励规划者利用无处不在的数据和计算方面的进步，加强信息资源的再分配正义和边缘化社区决策的程序正义（Boeing，G.，Besbris，M.，Schachter，A.，& Kuk，J.（2020）.大数据时代的房屋搜索：更智能的城市还是同样的旧盲点？Housing Policy Debate，31（1），112-126; Goodspeed，R.（2015年）。智慧城市：超越城市控制论，解决邪恶的问题。剑桥地区杂志，经济与社会，8（1），79-92）。本文重点介绍了最近关于人工智能在规划中的文献综述的结果，并讨论了一项全国性城市规划者调查的结果，该调查涉及他们对人工智能采用的看法以及他们对人工智能在该行业中更广泛使用的担忧。目前，前景是喜忧参半，与城市规划者最初在行业内采用计算机的早期阶段的看法相匹配。然而今天，个人电脑对任何工作都是必不可少的。
ABSTRACT Over the past several decades, urban planning has considered a variety of advanced analysis methods with greater and lesser degrees of adoption. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is probably the most notable, with others such as database management systems (DBMS), decision support systems (DSS), planning support systems (PSS), and expert systems (ES), having mixed levels of recognition and acceptance (Kontokosta, C. E. (2021). Urban informatics in the science and practice of planning. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 41(4), 382–395. doi:10.1177/0739456X18793716; Yigitcanlar, T., Desouza, K. C., Butler, L., & Roozkhosh, F. (2020). Contributions and risks of artificial intelligence (AI) in building smarter cities: Insights from a systematic review of the literature. Energies, 13(6), 1473). Advances in information technologies have moved very slowly in the field of urban planning, more recently concerning ‘smart city’ technologies while revolutionizing other domains, such as consumer goods and services. Baidu, Amazon, Netflix, Google, and many others are using these technologies to gain insights into consumer behaviour and characteristics and improve supply chains and logistics. This is an opportune time for urban planners to consider the application of AI-related techniques given vast increases in data availability, increased processing speeds, and increased popularity and development of planning related applications. Research on these topics by urban planning scholars has increased over the past few years, but there is little evidence to suggest that the results are making it into the hands of professional planners (Batty, M. (2018). Artificial intelligence and smart cities. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 45(1), 3–6; Batty, M. (2021). Planning education in the digital age. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 48(2), 207–211). Others encourage planners to leverage the ubiquity of data and advances in computing to enhance redistributive justice in information resources and procedural justice in decision-making among marginalized communities (Boeing, G., Besbris, M., Schachter, A., & Kuk, J. (2020). Housing search in the Age of Big data: Smarter cities or the same Old blind spots? Housing Policy Debate, 31(1), 112–126; Goodspeed, R. (2015). Smart cities: Moving beyond urban cybernetics to tackle wicked problems. Cambridge journal of regions, Economy and Society, 8(1), 79–92). This article highlights findings from a recent literature review on AI in planning and discusses the results of a national survey of urban planners about their perspectives on AI adoption and concerns they have expressed about its broader use in the profession. Currently, the outlook is mixed, matching how urban planners initially viewed the early stages of computer adoption within the profession. And yet today, personal computers are essential to any job.