Peripheral Mechanosensory Neuron Dysfunction Underlies Tactile and Behavioral Deficits in Mouse Models of ASDs.

Peripheral Mechanosensory Neuron Dysfunction Underlies Tactile and Behavioral Deficits in Mouse Models of ASDs.
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外围机械感觉神经元功能障碍是ASD小鼠模型中的触觉和行为缺陷。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.033
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发表时间:
2016-07-14
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Ginty DD
Ginty DD
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Orefice LL;Zimmerman AL;Chirila AM;Sleboda SJ;Head JP;Ginty DD

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自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者通常会出现异常的触觉敏感性,但体感功能障碍的神经改变以及触觉缺陷对ASD特征的影响程度尚不清楚。我们报告说,小鼠窝藏突变Mecp 2,Gabrb 3,Shank 3,和Fmr 1基因相关的ASD在人类表现出改变触觉的歧视和敏感性,以温柔的触摸。外周躯体感觉神经元中Mecp 2或Gabrb 3的缺失通过GABAA受体介导的对CNS输入的突触前抑制的丧失而引起机械感觉功能障碍。值得注意的是,触觉缺陷导致的Mecp 2或Gabrb 3缺失的躯体感觉神经元在发展过程中,但不是在成年期,导致社会互动缺陷和焦虑样行为。恢复Mecp 2表达仅在Mecp 2-null小鼠的体感神经元中拯救触觉敏感性,焦虑样行为和社会互动缺陷,但不致命,记忆或运动缺陷。因此,机械感觉处理缺陷导致ASD小鼠模型中的焦虑样行为和社会互动缺陷。
Patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) commonly experience aberrant tactile sensitivity, yet the neural alterations underlying somatosensory dysfunction and the extent to which tactile deficits contribute to ASD characteristics are unknown. We report that mice harboring mutations in Mecp2, Gabrb3, Shank3, and Fmr1 genes associated with ASDs in humans exhibit altered tactile discrimination and hypersensitivity to gentle touch. Deletion of Mecp2 or Gabrb3 in peripheral somatosensory neurons causes mechanosensory dysfunction through loss of GABAA receptor-mediated presynaptic inhibition of inputs to the CNS. Remarkably, tactile defects resulting from Mecp2 or Gabrb3 deletion in somatosensory neurons during development, but not in adulthood, cause social interaction deficits and anxiety-like behavior. Restoring Mecp2 expression exclusively in the somatosensory neurons of Mecp2-null mice rescues tactile sensitivity, anxiety-like behavior, and social interaction deficits, but not lethality, memory, or motor deficits. Thus, mechanosensory processing defects contribute to anxiety-like behavior and social interaction deficits in ASD mouse models.
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