Social distancing and related factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to COVID-19 symptoms and diagnosis and mental health.
Social distancing and related factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to COVID-19 symptoms and diagnosis and mental health.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10389-022-01722-2
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Berg CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dickey-Chasins R;Romm KF;Vyas AN;McDonnell K;Wang Y;Ma Y;Berg CJ
许多州、地方当局、组织和个人已采取行动减少 COVID-19 的传播，特别注重限制社交互动。此类行为引发了关于其对 COVID-19 传播与心理健康影响的争议。我们检查了以下方面的相关性：(1) 新冠病毒症状和检测结果（即无症状/检测呈阴性、有症状但未检测、检测呈阳性），以及 (2) 心理健康症状（抑郁/焦虑症状、新冠病毒相关压力）。数据取自 2020 年秋季对六个大都市统计区 (MSA) 的年轻人（n = 2576；Mage = 24.67；55.8% 女性；31.0% 性少数群体；5.4% 黑人；12.7% 亚裔；11.1% 西班牙裔）的调查，这些城市统计区具有与新冠病毒相关的不同州令。兴趣相关因素包括 MSA、社交距离行为、就业状况/性质、家庭构成和政治倾向。总体而言，3.0% 的人 COVID-19 检测呈阳性； 7.0%有症状但未进行检测； 29.1% 在 PHQ-4 问卷中报告至少有中度抑郁/焦虑症状。测试呈阳性（与无症状相比）的相关因素包括居住在俄克拉荷马城与波士顿、圣地亚哥或西雅图以及较少遵守社交距离；没有症状/阴性检测的人与有症状但未检测的人之间几乎没有差异。更严重的抑郁/焦虑症状的相关因素包括更大程度地遵守社交距离、失业/下岗（相对于在外工作）、与他人同住（伴侣/孩子除外）、以及是民主党人而不是共和党人（相对于不倾向共和党）；与新冠病毒特定压力相关的研究结果相似。尽管遏制了疫情，但限制社交互动的社会距离以及个人（例如政治）和环境因素对心理健康产生负面影响。
Many states, local authorities, organizations, and individuals have taken action to reduce the spread of COVID-19, particularly focused on restricting social interactions. Such actions have raised controversy regarding their implications for the spread of COVID-19 versus mental health. We examined correlates of: (1) COVID symptoms and test results (i.e., no symptoms/tested negative, symptoms but not tested, tested positive), and (2) mental health symptoms (depressive/anxiety symptoms, COVID-related stress). Data were drawn from Fall 2020 surveys of young adults (n = 2576; Mage = 24.67; 55.8% female; 31.0% sexual minority; 5.4% Black; 12.7% Asian; 11.1% Hispanic) in six metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) with distinct COVID-related state orders. Correlates of interest included MSA, social distancing behaviors, employment status/nature, household composition, and political orientation. Overall, 3.0% tested positive for COVID-19; 7.0% had symptoms but no test; 29.1% reported at least moderate depressive/anxiety symptoms on the PHQ-4 Questionnaire. Correlates of testing positive (vs. having no symptoms) included residing in Oklahoma City vs. Boston, San Diego, or Seattle and less social distancing adherence; there were few differences between those without symptoms/negative test and those with symptoms but not tested. Correlates of greater depressive/anxiety symptoms included greater social distancing adherence, being unemployed/laid off (vs. working outside of the home), living with others (other than partners/children), and being Democrat but not Republican (vs. no lean); findings related to COVID-specific stress were similar. Despite curbing the pandemic, social distancing and individual (e.g., political) and environmental factors that restrict social interaction have negative implications for mental health.