Burden of cadmium in early childhood: Longitudinal assessment of urinary cadmium in rural Bangladesh
Burden of cadmium in early childhood: Longitudinal assessment of urinary cadmium in rural Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.04.029
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发表时间：
2010-09-15
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Vahter, Marie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kippler, Maria;Nermell, Barbro;Vahter, Marie
慢性镉暴露与成人的许多不良健康影响有关，但对生命早期的情况知之甚少。本研究评估了已知通过大米接触镉的妇女所生幼儿的镉暴露和身体负担。作为我们正在进行的以人口为基础的，在孟加拉国农村的早期生活有毒物质暴露的健康影响的纵向研究的一部分，我们测量了约350名儿童在1.5岁和5岁，并在92名儿童在3个月大的尿液中的镉。尿中镉浓度中位数分别为0.30，0.16和0.30微克/升，在3个月，1.5和5岁，分别（0.6微克/升的母亲）。婴儿尿中的镉浓度与母亲母乳、唾液和尿液中的镉浓度相关。正如预期的那样，从1.5岁到5岁，尿液中的浓度增加。水稻（中位数47微克镉/公斤）是最有可能的主要接触源。总之，我们在孟加拉国农村地区的儿童中发现了出乎意料的高镉暴露。尿镉浓度在3个月大时特别高，表明镉在肾脏中的再吸收和积累有限，肾脏是年龄较大的儿童和成人镉负荷的主要部位。(c)2010爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Chronic cadmium exposure is associated with many adverse health effects in adults, but little is known about the scenario early in life. This study assessed cadmium exposure and body burden in young children, born to women with known cadmium exposure via rice. As part of our ongoing population-based, longitudinal study of health effects of early-life toxicants exposure in rural Bangladesh, we measured cadmium in urine of about 350 children at 1.5 and 5 years of age, and in 92 children at 3 months of age. Median cadmium concentrations in urine were 0.30, 0.16 and 0.30 mu g/L at 3 months, 1.5 and 5 years of age, respectively (0.6 mu g/L in mothers). Cadmium concentrations in infant's urine correlated with concentrations in maternal breast milk, saliva, and urine. As expected, concentrations in urine increased from 1.5 to 5 years of age. Rice (median 47 mu g Cd/kg) is most likely the main source of exposure. In conclusion, we found unexpectedly high cadmium exposure among children in rural Bangladesh. Urinary cadmium concentrations were particularly elevated at 3 months of age, indicating limited reabsorption and accumulation of cadmium in the kidneys, known to be the main site of cadmium burden in older children and adults. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.