Role of viral respiratory infections in asthma and asthma exacerbations.
Role of viral respiratory infections in asthma and asthma exacerbations.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61380-3
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发表时间：
2010-09-04
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Gern, James E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Busse, William W.;Lemanske, Robert F., Jr.;Gern, James E.
病毒性呼吸道感染是常见的，通常是自限性疾病。对于有哮喘风险或现有哮喘的患者，病毒性呼吸道感染可能对疾病的表达或失控产生深远的影响。新的证据表明，由于人类鼻病毒引起的生命早期喘息发作是6岁以后诊断哮喘的主要风险因素。对于那些现有的哮喘患者，急性发作是发病的主要原因，可能需要紧急护理，并且可能导致死亡，尽管很少。主要由人鼻病毒引起的病毒性呼吸道感染与哮喘急性发作相关。还有证据表明，抗病毒活性和气道上皮屏障完整性的不足可能使哮喘患者更容易发生下气道严重的病毒性呼吸道感染，从而增加加重的风险。鉴于呼吸道病毒对哮喘的许多方面的影响，努力了解这些气道感染引起气道病理生理学变化的机制和风险因素是改善治疗的第一步。
Viral respiratory tract infections are common and usually selflimited illnesses. For patients at risk of asthma, or with existing asthma, viral respiratory tract infections can have a profound effect on the expression of disease or loss of control. New evidence has shown that wheezing episodes early in life due to human rhinoviruses are a major risk factor for the later diagnosis of asthma at age 6 years. For those with existing asthma, exacerbations are a major cause of morbidity, can need acute care, and can, albeit rarely, result in death. Viral respiratory tract infections, predominantly those caused by human rhinoviruses, are associated with asthma exacerbations. There is also evidence that deficiencies in antiviral activity and the integrity of the airway epithelial barrier could make individuals with asthma more likely to have severe viral respiratory infections of the lower airway, and thus increase the risk of exacerbation. In view of the effect of respiratory viruses on many aspects of asthma, efforts to understand the mechanisms and risk factors by which these airway infections cause changes in airway pathophysiology are a first step towards improved treatment.