Ammonia and methane emissions from two naturally ventilated dairy cattle buildings and the influence of climatic factors on ammonia emissions
Ammonia and methane emissions from two naturally ventilated dairy cattle buildings and the influence of climatic factors on ammonia emissions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.050
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kai, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Wentao;Zhang, Guoqiang;Kai, Peter
根据国际公约的要求，迫切需要对畜禽舍NH3、CH 4、CO2和N2 O的排放进行清查。本研究的主要目的是量化的气体排放和调查的影响，气候因素对氨排放。在冬季和夏季的三个时期，在两个自然通风的奶牛建筑中进行了测量，这些建筑具有不同的布局、地板类型和粪便管理系统。在整个夏季期间，记录了建筑物内外的空气温度和三维空气速度。利用CO2产生模型计算了排放速率，结果表明，NH3、CH 4和CO2的内部浓度同时增加或减少。建筑物内外N2 O浓度均较低，浓度差异也很小。CH 4和CO2浓度的变化表现出很强的相关性。1号楼的NH3排放率为32 - 77 g HPU-1 d（-1），2号楼的NH3排放率为18 - 30 g HPU-1 d（-1）。1号楼和2号楼的甲烷平均排放量分别为290和230 g HPU-1 d（-1）。NH_3和CH_4排放速率存在日变化规律。多元线性回归分析表明，NH3排放速率与外界风速、气温等气候因子呈显著线性关系（P < 0.001），与外界风向无显著线性关系（P > 0.05）。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Based on the requirement of the international conventions, there is a pressing need for inventory of NH3, CH4, CO2 and N2O emissions from livestock buildings. The main aim of this study was to quantify the gas emissions and investigate the influence of the climatic factors on ammonia emissions. The measurements were carried out in two naturally ventilated dairy cattle buildings with different layouts, floor types and manure management systems during three periods covering winter and summer time. Air temperature and the three dimensional air velocities inside and outside the buildings were recorded over the course of summer period. Emission rates were determined by CO2 production model.The results showed that the internal concentrations of NH3, CH4 and CO2 were increased or decreased simultaneously. Low concentration of N2O was measured outside and inside the buildings; the difference of the concentrations were also very low. The variation of CH4 and CO2 concentrations showed a strong correlation. The NH3 emission rates varied from 32 to 77 g HPU-1 d(-1) in building 1 and varied from 18 to 30 g HPU-1 d(-1) in building 2. The average emission of CH4 was 290 and 230 g HPU-1 d(-1) from building 1 and 2, respectively. Diurnal pattern was found for NH3 and CH4 emission rates. From multiple linear regression models, there was a significant linear relationship between NH3 emission rates and climatic factors including the external wind speed as well as the air temperature (P < 0.001), but not with the external wind directions (P > 0.05). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.