Size matters: problems and advantages associated with highly miniaturized sensors.
Size matters: problems and advantages associated with highly miniaturized sensors.
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DOI：
10.3390/s120303018
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dahlin AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dahlin AB
毫无疑问，纳米技术的最新进展使利用纳米尺度的物理现象实现具有信号转导机制的各种新型传感器成为可能。一些例子包括纳米线的导电性测量、悬臂梁的偏转和等离子体纳米粒子的光谱。这些技术是基于纳米结构实体的特殊性质，这一事实提供了极端的传感器小型化，因为单个结构单元通常可以用作换能器。本文讨论了这种小型传感器的优点和存在的问题，重点讨论了生物传感的应用和液体样品的无标记实时分析。传感器设计的许多方面都被考虑，例如结合动力学的热力学和扩散方面，以及多路复用和噪声问题。尽管如此，所有讨论的问题都是一般性的，因为这些结论实际上适用于所有类型的表面敏感技术。作为对当前研究趋势的平衡，有人认为在许多现实世界的应用中，如果有源传感器比典型的纳米传感器更大，则可以获得更好的性能。尽管在某些特定的传感应用中需要纳米级的换能器，但本文认为这是一种相对罕见的情况。相反，有人认为，在利用微型化的一些可能的优势和避免并发症之间，微尺度的传感往往提供了一个很好的折衷方案。这意味着在多个纳米级传感器上进行整体测量比使用单个换能器实体更可取。
There is no doubt that the recent advances in nanotechnology have made it possible to realize a great variety of new sensors with signal transduction mechanisms utilizing physical phenomena at the nanoscale. Some examples are conductivity measurements in nanowires, deflection of cantilevers and spectroscopy of plasmonic nanoparticles. The fact that these techniques are based on the special properties of nanostructural entities provides for extreme sensor miniaturization since a single structural unit often can be used as transducer. This review discusses the advantages and problems with such small sensors, with focus on biosensing applications and label-free real-time analysis of liquid samples. Many aspects of sensor design are considered, such as thermodynamic and diffusion aspects on binding kinetics as well as multiplexing and noise issues. Still, all issues discussed are generic in the sense that the conclusions apply to practically all types of surface sensitive techniques. As a counterweight to the current research trend, it is argued that in many real world applications, better performance is achieved if the active sensor is larger than that in typical nanosensors. Although there are certain specific sensing applications where nanoscale transducers are necessary, it is argued herein that this represents a relatively rare situation. Instead, it is suggested that sensing on the microscale often offers a good compromise between utilizing some possible advantages of miniaturization while avoiding the complications. This means that ensemble measurements on multiple nanoscale sensors are preferable instead of utilizing a single transducer entity.
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Jonsson, Magnus P.;Dahlin, Andreas B.;Hook, Fredrik
通讯作者：
Hook, Fredrik
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Escobedo, Carlos;Brolo, Alexandre G.;Sinton, David
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Sinton, David
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Piner, RD;Zhu, J;Mirkin, CA
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Mirkin, CA
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Dahlin, Andreas B.;Zahn, Raphael;Voeroes, Janos
通讯作者：
Voeroes, Janos
影响因子：
17.1
作者：
Feuz, Laurent;Jonsson, Peter;Hook, Fredrik
通讯作者：
Hook, Fredrik